{"id":1950,"date":"2020-04-07T23:43:38","date_gmt":"2020-04-07T21:43:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/reclaimfinance.org\/site\/?page_id=1950"},"modified":"2025-07-01T11:17:48","modified_gmt":"2025-07-01T09:17:48","slug":"central-banks-coronavirus-climate","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/reclaimfinance.org\/site\/en\/central-banks-coronavirus-climate\/","title":{"rendered":"Making money work for climate"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background fusion-parallax-none nonhundred-percent-fullwidth hundred-percent-height hundred-percent-height-center-content non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-background-blend-mode:overlay;--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:140px;--awb-margin-top:0px;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;--awb-background-color:rgba(51,54,71,0.69);--awb-background-image:url(&quot;https:\/\/reclaimfinance.org\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/1.-BANNER-SITEWEB12.png&quot;);--awb-background-size:cover;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-align-content-space-around fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1216.8px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:100px;--awb-padding-right:20px;--awb-padding-left:20px;--awb-padding-top-medium:0px;--awb-padding-right-medium:0px;--awb-padding-bottom-medium:0px;--awb-padding-left-medium:0px;--awb-padding-top-small:0px;--awb-padding-right-small:0px;--awb-padding-bottom-small:0px;--awb-padding-left-small:0px;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:0%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:0%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-margin-top-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-medium:0;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-margin-top-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-small:0;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-center fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-1 fusion-title-center fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one fusion-animated\" style=\"--awb-font-size:60px;\" data-animationType=\"fadeInUp\" data-animationDuration=\"1.0\" data-animationOffset=\"top-into-view\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left\"><div class=\"title-sep sep- sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#3e3e3e;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><h1 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-center fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;font-size:1em;letter-spacing:;text-transform:uppercase;--fontSize:60;line-height:1;\">making money work for climate<\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep- sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#3e3e3e;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:15px;width:100%;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-max-width:100px;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-1 hover-type-zoomin\"><a class=\"fusion-no-lightbox\" href=\"#page\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"scroll down button\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/reclaimfinance.org\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/scroll-down-button.png\" alt class=\"img-responsive wp-image-18477\" srcset=\"https:\/\/reclaimfinance.org\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/scroll-down-button-200x200.png 200w, https:\/\/reclaimfinance.org\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/scroll-down-button.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-bottom:0px;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-bottom:60px;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-3 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><p><b>All public actors must take responsibility and fight the climate emergency. Yet, central banks\u2014the pillars of our economy\u2014remain dangerously passive. <\/b><\/p>\n<p>Central banks can significantly influence how polluting and \u201cgreen\u201d activities are financed. They supervise the monetary and financial system and issue money, thus determining money availability and lending conditions. In times of crisis, central banks are lenders of last resort for institutions and governments.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b style=\"color: #8ac56b; font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">Reclaim Finance calls on central banks to immediately integrate climate considerations into their operations. The European Central Bank (ECB), the Banque de France, and the NGFS must take a strong and clear stance in <\/b><span style=\"color: #8ac56b;\"><b>favor<\/b><\/span><b style=\"color: #8ac56b; font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\"> of climate integration and push for rapid and concrete actions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b style=\"color: #8ac56b; font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-aligncenter\"><a class=\"fusion-button button-flat button-large button-default fusion-button-default button-1 fusion-button-default-span fusion-button-default-type\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/reclaimfinance.org\/site\/en\/our-requests-to-central-banks\/\"><i class=\"fa-bullhorn fas button-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><span class=\"fusion-button-text\">Read our demands related to Central Banks <\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-4 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-5 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-color:#333647;--awb-bg-color-hover:#333647;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-section-separator section-separator big-half-circle fusion-section-separator-1\" style=\"--awb-spacer-height:99px;--awb-svg-margin-left:0;--awb-svg-margin-right:0;--awb-divider-height:99px;--awb-spacer-padding-top:inherit;--awb-sep-padding:0;--awb-svg-padding:0;\"><div class=\"fusion-section-separator-svg\"><svg class=\"fusion-big-half-circle-candy\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"100%\" height=\"100\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 100\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" fill=\"rgba(255,255,255,1)\"><path d=\"M0 100 C40 0 60 0 100 100 Z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div><div class=\"fusion-section-separator-spacer\"><div class=\"fusion-section-separator-spacer-height\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-3 nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:0px;--awb-padding-bottom:0px;--awb-margin-top:0px;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;--awb-background-color:#ffffff;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" id=\"ECBinaction\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-6 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-one-fifth fusion-column-first\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:20%;width:calc(20% - ( ( 4% + 4% + 4% + 4% ) * 0.2 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-7 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-one-fifth\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:20%;width:calc(20% - ( ( 4% + 4% + 4% + 4% ) * 0.2 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-8 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-one-fifth\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:20%;width:calc(20% - ( ( 4% + 4% + 4% + 4% ) * 0.2 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-image-element in-legacy-container\" style=\"--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-2 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1242\" height=\"1024\" title=\"1242px-Logo_European_Central_Bank.svg\" src=\"https:\/\/reclaimfinance.org\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/1242px-Logo_European_Central_Bank.svg.png\" alt class=\"img-responsive wp-image-5678\" srcset=\"https:\/\/reclaimfinance.org\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/1242px-Logo_European_Central_Bank.svg-200x165.png 200w, https:\/\/reclaimfinance.org\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/1242px-Logo_European_Central_Bank.svg-400x330.png 400w, https:\/\/reclaimfinance.org\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/1242px-Logo_European_Central_Bank.svg-600x495.png 600w, https:\/\/reclaimfinance.org\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/1242px-Logo_European_Central_Bank.svg-800x660.png 800w, https:\/\/reclaimfinance.org\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/1242px-Logo_European_Central_Bank.svg-1200x989.png 1200w, https:\/\/reclaimfinance.org\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/1242px-Logo_European_Central_Bank.svg.png 1242w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-9 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-one-fifth\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:20%;width:calc(20% - ( ( 4% + 4% + 4% + 4% ) * 0.2 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-10 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-one-fifth fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:20%;width:calc(20% - ( ( 4% + 4% + 4% + 4% ) * 0.2 ) );\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-11 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-2 fusion-title-center fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\" style=\"--awb-text-color:#333647;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:0px;\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left\"><div class=\"title-sep sep- sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#3e3e3e;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-center fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:33;line-height:1.5;\"><div style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXW181648068 BCX0\" lang=\"FR-FR\" xml:lang=\"FR-FR\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW181648068 BCX0\">The European Central Bank\u2019s (ECB) guilty inaction<\/span><\/span><\/div><\/h2><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep- sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#3e3e3e;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:20px;margin-bottom:40px;width:100%;max-width:200px;\"><div class=\"fusion-separator-border sep-shadow\" style=\"--awb-height:20px;--awb-amount:20px;background:radial-gradient(ellipse at 50% -50% , #c1c1c1 0px, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 80%) repeat scroll 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);background:-webkit-radial-gradient(ellipse at 50% -50% , #c1c1c1 0px, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 80%) repeat scroll 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);background:-moz-radial-gradient(ellipse at 50% -50% , #c1c1c1 0px, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 80%) repeat scroll 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);background:-o-radial-gradient(ellipse at 50% -50% , #c1c1c1 0px, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 80%) repeat scroll 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-12 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\"><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b style=\"color: #333647; font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">The European Central Bank (ECB), and President Christine Lagarde, <\/b><span style=\"color: #333647;\"><b>recognize<\/b><\/span><b style=\"color: #333647; font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\"> the urgency of the climate crisis and admit the need to integrate climate considerations into the banks\u2019 mission but remain inactive<\/b><span style=\"color: #333647; font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing); font-weight: bold;\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #333647; font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span style=\"color: #333647;\"> The bank hides behind technical difficulties, works in progress, and a few <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/reclaimfinance.org\/site\/en\/our-fights\/green-bonds-watch-out-it-could-be-a-trap\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"color: #333647;\"><u>green bond purchases<\/u><\/span><\/a><span style=\"color: #333647;\"> to <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/reclaimfinance.org\/site\/en\/2020\/07\/13\/greening-ecb-asset-purchases-how-when\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"color: #333647;\"><u>delay action<\/u><\/span><\/a><span style=\"color: #333647;\">. Meanwhile, the central bank keeps citizens from accessing <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/reclaimfinance.org\/site\/en\/2020\/04\/22\/we-ask-the-european-central-bank-for-transparency\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"color: #333647;\">essential information<\/span><\/a><span style=\"color: #333647;\"> needed to precisely assess the bank<\/span>s\u2019 climate impact.<\/span><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #333647;\">In doing so, the ECB refuses to assum<span style=\"color: #333647;\">e its m<\/span>andate. By allowing climate change to increase, it endangers price stability, acts against European climate targets, and leaves the financial system exposed to new risks and shocks.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-13 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-one-third fusion-column-first\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:60px;--awb-padding-bottom:20px;--awb-bg-size:cover;width:33.333333333333%;width:calc(33.333333333333% - ( ( 0% + 0% ) * 0.33333333333333 ) );margin-right: 0%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-14 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-one-third\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:60px;--awb-padding-bottom:20px;--awb-padding-left:40px;--awb-bg-size:cover;width:33.333333333333%;width:calc(33.333333333333% - ( ( 0% + 0% ) * 0.33333333333333 ) );margin-right: 0%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-aligncenter\"><a class=\"fusion-button button-flat button-large button-default fusion-button-default button-2 fusion-button-default-span fusion-button-default-type\" target=\"_self\" href=\"#\" data-toggle=\"modal\" data-target=\".fusion-modal.ECBmandate\"><span class=\"fusion-button-text\">Find out more about the ECB&rsquo;s mandate<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"fusion-modal modal fade modal-1 ECBmandate has-light-close\" tabindex=\"-1\" role=\"dialog\" aria-labelledby=\"modal-heading-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"--awb-border-color:rgba(226,226,226,0);--awb-background:#333645;\"><div class=\"modal-dialog modal-lg\" role=\"document\"><div class=\"modal-content fusion-modal-content\"><div class=\"modal-header\"><button class=\"close\" type=\"button\" data-dismiss=\"modal\" aria-hidden=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close\">&times;<\/button><h3 class=\"modal-title\" id=\"modal-heading-1\" data-dismiss=\"modal\" aria-hidden=\"true\">Yes, the ECB has a climate mandate <\/h3><\/div><div class=\"modal-body fusion-clearfix\">\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><b style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">The central aim of t<span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">he ECB is <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ecb.europa.eu\/mopo\/strategy\/pricestab\/html\/index.en.html\"><u><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">price stability<\/span><\/u><\/a><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">, defined as keeping inflation \u201cclose to, but below\u201d 2%. The ECB is also tasked to support the development of a sustainable European economy and the <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/eprints.gla.ac.uk\/168312\/7\/168312.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><u><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">European Union\u2019s goals<\/span><\/u><\/a><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">, in a manner compatible with its price stability imperative. Altogether, the ECB ensures the financial system\u2019s stability and resilience. <\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">Fighting climate change is essential to achieving the ECB\u2019s goals, chiefly price stability:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ecb.europa.eu\/press\/inter\/date\/2020\/html\/ecb.in200723~0606f514ed.en.html\"><u><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">Christine Lagarde<\/span><\/u><\/a><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\"> acknowledges that climate change is a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ecb.europa.eu\/pub\/pdf\/scpops\/ecb.op243~2ce3c7c4e1.en.pdf\"><u><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">major threat to price stability<\/span><\/u><\/a><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">. Moreover, by affecting asset values, balance sheets, and economic and financial players\u2019 expectations, the climate crisis affects <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ngfs.net\/sites\/default\/files\/medias\/documents\/climate_change_and_monetary_policy_final.pdf\"><u><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">monetary policy transmission channels<\/span><\/u><\/a><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">, limiting the ECB\u2019s ability to reach its price stability target.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">All European institutions\u2014including the ECB\u2014are responsible for working towards achieving Paris Agreement goals. The European Council is <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.consilium.europa.eu\/en\/policies\/climate-change\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><u><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">targeting carbon neutrality by 2050<\/span><\/u><\/a><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\"> and aims to cut pollution by 55% from 1990 levels by 2030.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">Financial actors\u2019 failure to take climate issues into account triggers an accumulation of \u201cstranded assets,\u201d which are likely to rapidly lose most of their value due to climate risks and policy changes. The climate crisis exposes the entire economic and financial system to <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bis.org\/publ\/othp31.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><u><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">significant systemic risks<\/span><\/u><\/a><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">. The <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/reclaimfinance.org\/site\/en\/2020\/04\/17\/covid-19-according-to-banque-de-france-climate-should-not-be-put-aside\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><u><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">Covid-19 crisis<\/span><\/u><\/a><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\"> is proof that the system is still<\/span> highly vulnerable to unpredictable exogenous shocks.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><div class=\"modal-footer\"><button class=\"fusion-button button-default button-medium button default medium\" type=\"button\" data-dismiss=\"modal\">Close<\/button><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-15 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-one-third fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:60px;--awb-padding-right:40px;--awb-padding-bottom:20px;--awb-bg-size:cover;width:33.333333333333%;width:calc(33.333333333333% - ( ( 0% + 0% ) * 0.33333333333333 ) );\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-4 nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:0px;--awb-padding-bottom:0px;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;--awb-background-color:#4ead78;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" id=\"polluters\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-16 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-section-separator section-separator big-half-circle fusion-section-separator-2\" style=\"--awb-spacer-height:99px;--awb-svg-margin-left:0;--awb-svg-margin-right:0;--awb-divider-height:99px;--awb-spacer-padding-top:inherit;--awb-sep-padding:0;--awb-svg-padding:0;\"><div class=\"fusion-section-separator-svg\"><svg class=\"fusion-big-half-circle-candy\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"100%\" height=\"100\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 100\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" fill=\"rgba(255,255,255,1)\"><path d=\"M0 0 C55 180 100 0 100 0 Z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div><div class=\"fusion-section-separator-spacer\"><div class=\"fusion-section-separator-spacer-height\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-3 fusion-title-center fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\" style=\"--awb-text-color:#ffffff;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:0px;\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left\"><div class=\"title-sep sep- sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#3e3e3e;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-center fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:33;line-height:1.5;\">The ECB supports polluters<\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><\/div><\/h2><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep- sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#3e3e3e;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:20px;margin-bottom:40px;width:100%;max-width:200px;\"><div class=\"fusion-separator-border sep-shadow\" style=\"--awb-height:20px;--awb-amount:20px;--awb-sep-color:#4ead78;background:radial-gradient(ellipse at 50% -50% , #4ead78 0px, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 80%) repeat scroll 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);background:-webkit-radial-gradient(ellipse at 50% -50% , #4ead78 0px, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 80%) repeat scroll 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);background:-moz-radial-gradient(ellipse at 50% -50% , #4ead78 0px, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 80%) repeat scroll 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);background:-o-radial-gradient(ellipse at 50% -50% , #4ead78 0px, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 80%) repeat scroll 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-17 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-3\"><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b style=\"color: #333647;\"><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">Beyond a simple rejection of its responsibility, the ECB&rsquo;s inaction actively fuels it by contributing<\/span><span style=\"color: #333647;\"><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\"> to the increase of polluting assets\u2019 value &#8211; and concurrently the easing the financing of those emitting such assets, namely polluting companies -. <\/span><\/span><a style=\"color: #333647;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.suerf.org\/docx\/f_936824c0191953647ec609b4f49bc964_3325_suerf.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\"><u>Two key mechanisms are at play<\/u><\/span><\/a><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">: <\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">The ECB enables borrowers to refinance themselves by depositing assets (named \u201ccollateral\u201d). The ECB considers various risks when determining how much to lend in exchange of these assets but does not account for environmental issues. Thus, banks can obtain liquidity in exchange for po<span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">lluting assets. <\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #333647;\"><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">The ECB buys corporate assets through <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/reclaimfinance.org\/site\/en\/the-ecbs-dirty-quantitative-easing\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"color: #333647;\"><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\"><u><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">asset purchase programs<\/span><\/u><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\"> (i.e. quantitative easing) to increase the amount of liquidity available to the economy and to facilitate companies\u2019 financing. Environmental considerations are not used to filter purchased assets, benefiting <\/span><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\"><u><a style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\" href=\"https:\/\/reclaimfinance.org\/site\/en\/the-ecbs-dirty-quantitative-easing\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">38 fossil fuel companies<\/a><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">, <\/span><\/u><\/span><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\"><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">including Sh<\/span>ell, Total, and <\/span><span style=\"color: #333647;\"><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\"><u><a href=\"https:\/\/reclaimfinance.org\/site\/en\/2020\/06\/01\/may-30th-2020-a-new-coal-power-plant-for-germany-bnp-paribas-and-the-ecb-involved%e2%80%af\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">coal companies<\/a><\/u><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">, disproportionately <\/span><a style=\"text-decoration-line: underline; color: #e5e3e3;\" href=\"https:\/\/reclaimfinance.org\/site\/en\/the-ecbs-dirty-quantitative-easing\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">favoring polluting assets<\/a><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\"> and <\/span><a style=\"text-decoration-line: underline; color: #e5e3e3;\" href=\"https:\/\/reclaimfinance.org\/site\/en\/2020\/09\/03\/quantitative-easing-climate-ecb-fueling-gas-frenzy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">contributing to the expansion of the fossil gas sector<\/a><u><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">.<\/span><\/u><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; color: #333647;\"><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">Moreover, rules imposed to financial players \u2014notably in terms of equity capital\u2014do not reflect the risks of financing polluting activities.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-18 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-one-third fusion-column-first\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:40px;--awb-padding-bottom:20px;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-bottom:22px;width:33.333333333333%;width:calc(33.333333333333% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.33333333333333 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-image-element fusion-image-align-center in-legacy-container\" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><div class=\"imageframe-align-center\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-3 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"80\" height=\"80\" title=\"021-outsourcing-2\" src=\"https:\/\/reclaimfinance.org\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/021-outsourcing-2.png\" alt class=\"img-responsive wp-image-7610\" srcset=\"https:\/\/reclaimfinance.org\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/021-outsourcing-2-66x66.png 66w, https:\/\/reclaimfinance.org\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/021-outsourcing-2.png 80w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 80px) 100vw, 80px\" \/><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-19 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-one-third\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:40px;--awb-padding-bottom:20px;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-bottom:22px;width:33.333333333333%;width:calc(33.333333333333% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.33333333333333 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-aligncenter\"><a class=\"fusion-button button-flat button-large button-default fusion-button-default button-3 fusion-button-default-span fusion-button-default-type\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/reclaimfinance.org\/site\/en\/the-ecbs-dirty-quantitative-easing\/\"><i class=\"fa-coins fas button-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><span class=\"fusion-button-text\">The dirty Quantitive Easing of the ECB<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-20 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-one-third fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:40px;--awb-padding-bottom:20px;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-bottom:22px;width:33.333333333333%;width:calc(33.333333333333% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.33333333333333 ) );\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-image-element fusion-image-align-center in-legacy-container\" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><div class=\"imageframe-align-center\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-4 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"80\" height=\"80\" title=\"021-outsourcing-2\" src=\"https:\/\/reclaimfinance.org\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/021-outsourcing-2.png\" alt class=\"img-responsive wp-image-7610\" srcset=\"https:\/\/reclaimfinance.org\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/021-outsourcing-2-66x66.png 66w, https:\/\/reclaimfinance.org\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/021-outsourcing-2.png 80w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 80px) 100vw, 80px\" \/><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-21 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:00px;margin-bottom:20px;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-section-separator section-separator big-half-circle fusion-section-separator-3\" style=\"--awb-spacer-height:99px;--awb-svg-margin-left:0;--awb-svg-margin-right:0;--awb-divider-height:99px;--awb-spacer-padding-top:inherit;--awb-sep-padding:0;--awb-svg-padding:0;\"><div class=\"fusion-section-separator-svg\"><svg class=\"fusion-big-half-circle-candy\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"100%\" height=\"100\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 100\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" fill=\"rgba(255,255,255,1)\"><path d=\"M0 100 C40 0 60 0 100 100 Z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div><div class=\"fusion-section-separator-spacer\"><div class=\"fusion-section-separator-spacer-height\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-5 nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-bottom:0px;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;--awb-background-color:#ffffff;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" id=\"ECBCOVID19\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-22 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-color:#ffffff;--awb-bg-color-hover:#ffffff;--awb-bg-size:cover;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-4 fusion-title-center fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\" style=\"--awb-text-color:#333647;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:0px;\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left\"><div class=\"title-sep sep- sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#3e3e3e;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-center fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:33;line-height:1.5;\">2020: the ECB&rsquo;s wake-up call?<\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><\/div><\/h2><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep- sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#3e3e3e;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:20px;margin-bottom:40px;width:100%;max-width:200px;\"><div class=\"fusion-separator-border sep-shadow\" style=\"--awb-height:20px;--awb-amount:20px;background:radial-gradient(ellipse at 50% -50% , #c1c1c1 0px, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 80%) repeat scroll 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);background:-webkit-radial-gradient(ellipse at 50% -50% , #c1c1c1 0px, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 80%) repeat scroll 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);background:-moz-radial-gradient(ellipse at 50% -50% , #c1c1c1 0px, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 80%) repeat scroll 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);background:-o-radial-gradient(ellipse at 50% -50% , #c1c1c1 0px, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 80%) repeat scroll 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-23 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-4\"><p style=\"text-align: justify; color: #333647;\"><span style=\"color: #333647;\"><b>The Covid-19 crisis should have been the European Central Bank\u2019s (ECB) climate action wake up call. <\/b><\/span><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><span style=\"color: #333647;\">Several central bankers, notably the<\/span> <u><a style=\"color: #333647;\" href=\"https:\/\/reclaimfinance.org\/site\/en\/2020\/04\/17\/covid-19-according-to-banque-de-france-climate-should-not-be-put-aside\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">French central bank<\/a><span style=\"color: #333647;\">,<\/span><\/u><span style=\"color: #333647;\"> draw a parallel between the Covid crisis and climate change. They warned that the crisis we are facing can be considered a stress test for future climate-related crisis. ECB\u2019s response was a unique opportunity to finally direct monetary operations toward climate action. Yet, rather than changing course, the ECB stuck to its old ways. Same causes producing same effects, the ECB his<\/span><span style=\"color: #333647;\">toric response offered massive support to polluters.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><span style=\"color: #333647;\"><b>Nonetheless, thanks to the mobilization of citizens and the work of NGOs and researchers, 2020 became a pivotal year<\/b>: central bankers that refuse to consider climate are marginalized, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ecb.europa.eu\/press\/key\/date\/2020\/html\/ecb.sp200928_1~268b0b672f.en.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><u><span style=\"color: #333647;\">key ECB players<\/span><\/u><\/a><span style=\"color: #333647;\"> are reassessing their longstanding principles &#8211; including \u00ab\u00a0<\/span><u><a style=\"color: #333647;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cepweb.org\/central-bank-market-neutrality-is-a-myth\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">market neutrality<\/a><\/u><span style=\"color: #333647;\">\u00ab\u00a0, and central banks conduct researches aiming at reducing the support they provide to polluting activities (notably <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ecb.europa.eu\/pub\/pdf\/scpwps\/ecb.wp2500~f7a50c6f69.en.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"color: #333647;\"><u> regarding asset purchases<\/u><\/span><\/a><span style=\"color: #333647;\"> and <\/span><u><a style=\"color: #333647;\" href=\"https:\/\/publications.banque-france.fr\/en\/climate-related-risks-and-central-banks-collateral-policy-methodological-experiment\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">refinancing operations<\/a><\/u><span style=\"color: #333647;\">). <b>In a word, it is <\/b><\/span><b><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/00d5dc18-b95d-4a15-b936-e87c98fb17fc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"color: #333647;\"><u>now expected that the ECB start integrating climate<\/u><\/span><\/a><span style=\"color: #333647;\">. However, major uncertainties remain:<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #ffffff; padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"color: #333647;\">1. When will the bank take action, notably by stopping the purchase of the assets of polluting companies? It could be <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bis.org\/review\/r201030b.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"color: #333647;\"><u>as late as 2023-2025 according to the Governor of the French central bank<\/u><\/span><\/a><span style=\"color: #333647;\">..<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #333647; padding-left: 40px;\">2. Will the ECB&rsquo;s decisions really make a difference by putting an end to its support to polluters and contributing to reaching European climate objectives? The ECB can still focus on reporting and climate risks or on supporting \u00ab\u00a0green\u00a0\u00bb assets, thus forgetting the concrete support it provides to polluting activities and companies.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-24 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:40px;--awb-padding-bottom:20px;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-bottom:22px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-aligncenter\"><a class=\"fusion-button button-flat button-large button-custom fusion-button-default button-4 fusion-button-default-span fusion-button-default-type\" style=\"--button_accent_color:#ffffff;--button_accent_hover_color:#ffffff;--button_border_hover_color:#8fc84c;--button_gradient_top_color:#8bc34a;--button_gradient_bottom_color:#8bc34a;--button_gradient_top_color_hover:#8fc84c;--button_gradient_bottom_color_hover:#8fc84c;\" target=\"_self\" href=\"#\" data-toggle=\"modal\" data-target=\".fusion-modal.COVIDECB\"><i class=\"fa-euro-sign fas button-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><span class=\"fusion-button-text\">Learn more about the ECB&rsquo;s handling of the COVIS-19 crisis<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"fusion-modal modal fade modal-2 COVIDECB has-light-close\" tabindex=\"-1\" role=\"dialog\" aria-labelledby=\"modal-heading-2\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"--awb-border-color:rgba(226,226,226,0);--awb-background:#333645;\"><div class=\"modal-dialog modal-lg\" role=\"document\"><div class=\"modal-content fusion-modal-content\"><div class=\"modal-header\"><button class=\"close\" type=\"button\" data-dismiss=\"modal\" aria-hidden=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close\">&times;<\/button><h3 class=\"modal-title\" id=\"modal-heading-2\" data-dismiss=\"modal\" aria-hidden=\"true\">The ECB's handling of the COVIS-19 crisis<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"modal-body fusion-clearfix\">\n<p>The ECB used three main levers to respond to the Covid-19 crisis:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Massive and low-interest loans:<br \/>\nThe ECB changed its long-term lending conditions and expanded the volume of exceptional loans while lowering their rates. In 2020-2022, the ECB plans on injecting at least \u20ac3tn in liquidity, allowing banks to benefit from negative rates above a specific volume of loans.<\/li>\n<li>Unprecedented asset purchases:<br \/>\nThe ECB will buy a total of \u20ac1.97tn assets in response to the Covid-19 crisis, \u20ac2.2tn in total in 2020-2021. Most of these purchases are being made through an exceptional program: The Pandemic Emergency Purchase Program (PEPP).<\/li>\n<li>Lax regulation:<br \/>\nThe ECB has recommended the relaxation of countercyclical capital buffers and other measures allowing banks to dip into funds that are usually made inaccessible in order to ensure the stability of the financial system.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div><div class=\"modal-footer\"><button class=\"fusion-button button-default button-medium button default medium\" type=\"button\" data-dismiss=\"modal\">Close<\/button><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-25 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last fusion-column-no-min-height\" style=\"--awb-bg-color:#ffffff;--awb-bg-color-hover:#ffffff;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:20px;margin-bottom:20px;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-section-separator section-separator big-half-circle fusion-section-separator-4\" style=\"--awb-spacer-height:99px;--awb-svg-margin-left:0;--awb-svg-margin-right:0;--awb-divider-height:99px;--awb-spacer-padding-top:inherit;--awb-sep-padding:0;--awb-svg-padding:0;\"><div class=\"fusion-section-separator-svg\"><svg class=\"fusion-big-half-circle-candy\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"100%\" height=\"100\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 100\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" fill=\"rgba(51,54,71,1)\"><path d=\"M0 100 C40 0 60 0 100 100 Z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div><div class=\"fusion-section-separator-spacer\"><div class=\"fusion-section-separator-spacer-height\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-6 nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-bottom:0px;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" id=\"BdFNGFS\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-26 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-top:20px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-5 fusion-title-center fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\" style=\"--awb-text-color:#ffffff;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:0px;\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left\"><div class=\"title-sep sep- sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#3e3e3e;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-center fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:33;line-height:1.5;\">The Banque de France and the NGFS at a standstill<\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><\/div><\/h2><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep- sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#3e3e3e;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:20px;margin-bottom:40px;width:100%;max-width:200px;\"><div class=\"fusion-separator-border sep-shadow\" style=\"--awb-height:20px;--awb-amount:20px;background:radial-gradient(ellipse at 50% -50% , #c1c1c1 0px, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 80%) repeat scroll 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);background:-webkit-radial-gradient(ellipse at 50% -50% , #c1c1c1 0px, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 80%) repeat scroll 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);background:-moz-radial-gradient(ellipse at 50% -50% , #c1c1c1 0px, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 80%) repeat scroll 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);background:-o-radial-gradient(ellipse at 50% -50% , #c1c1c1 0px, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 80%) repeat scroll 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-27 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-one-half fusion-column-first\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:10px;--awb-padding-right:10px;--awb-padding-bottom:10px;--awb-padding-left:10px;--awb-overflow:hidden;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-border-color:#8ac56b;--awb-border-top:2px;--awb-border-right:2px;--awb-border-bottom:2px;--awb-border-left:2px;--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-border-radius:10px 10px 10px 10px;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;width:50%;width:calc(50% - ( ( 4% ) * 0.5 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-5\"><h2 class=\"fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"text-align: center; color: #8ac56b; --fontsize: 33; line-height: 1.5;\" data-fontsize=\"33\" data-lineheight=\"49.5px\">NGFS<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">Since its start, the Network for Greening the Financial System (NGFS) has been regarded as a leading force in \u201cgreening\u201d central banks.<\/span><b><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\"> Its work has contributed to the emergence of a consensus among central bankers around the need to integrate climate considera<\/span><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">tions into their activ<\/span><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">ities but did not address the climate emergency. <\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">The NGFS has failed to deliver emission-reducing measures. After two years of work, it is still focused on improving understa<\/span><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">nding of the impact of climate change, without contributing to its mitigation. The NGFS must now propose <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/reclaimfinance.org\/site\/en\/2020\/06\/25\/ngfs-admits-concrete-measure-are-needed\/\"><u><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">concrete measures<\/span><\/u><\/a><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\"><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ngfs.net\/sites\/default\/files\/medias\/documents\/survey_on_monetary_policy_operations_and_climate_change.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><u><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">\u00ab\u00a0proactive\u00a0\u00bb measures<\/span><\/u><\/a><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\"> in its own words, such as fossil fuel exclusions for collaterals and asset purchases.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span style=\"font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">The <\/span><u><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">climate scenarios<\/span><\/u><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\"> recently published by the NGFS appear to be abnormally disconnected from the best available <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/productiongap.org\/2019report\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><u><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">scientific knowledge<\/span><\/u><\/a><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">. <\/span><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">These scenarios allow for massive investments in fossil fuels and high levels of fossil fuel consumption beyond 2050. The NGFS needs to revise its scenarios and consider the need to phase out fossil fue<\/span>ls.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-28 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-one-half fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:10px;--awb-padding-right:10px;--awb-padding-bottom:10px;--awb-padding-left:10px;--awb-overflow:hidden;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-border-color:#8ac56b;--awb-border-top:2px;--awb-border-right:2px;--awb-border-bottom:2px;--awb-border-left:2px;--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-border-radius:10px 10px 10px 10px;width:50%;width:calc(50% - ( ( 4% ) * 0.5 ) );\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-6\"><h2 class=\"fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"text-align: center; --fontsize: 33; line-height: 1.5;\" data-fontsize=\"33\" data-lineheight=\"49.5px\"><span style=\"color: #8ac56b;\">The Banque de France<\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Althoug<span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">h France fashions itself a leader in \u201csustainable finance,\u201d the Banque de France does not yet embody this leadership at the European Central Bank. <\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">As a member of the Eurosystem and the ECB Governing Council, the Banque de France has a major influence on the decisions of the ECB. The Banque de France has shown its ability to take initiative around the climate crisis on an international level, it was among the founders of the NGFS. However, it has not taken a clear stance in favor of decarbonising the ECB\u2019s operations. If the Governor <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.alternatives-economiques.fr\/francois-villeroy-de-galhau-bce-se-preoccuper-changement-cl\/00094910\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><u><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">seems to champion a change<\/span><\/u><\/a><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">, he does not indicate which one and even suggest that it could take up to <\/span><u><a style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bis.org\/review\/r201030b.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">3 to 5 more years<\/a><\/u><span style=\"color: #e5e3e3;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family);\"><span style=\"font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">In January 2021, <\/span><\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/reclaimfinance.org\/site\/en\/2021\/01\/18\/quitting-fossil-fuels-the-comeback-of-the-banque-de-france\/\"><span style=\"font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family);\"><span style=\"font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\"><u>The <\/u><\/span><\/span><u><\/u><span style=\"font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family);\"><span style=\"font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\"><u>Banque de France<\/u><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family);\"><span style=\"font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\"> took position against the development of new fossil fuel projects and adopted a policy that <\/span><\/span>drastically<span style=\"font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family);\"><span style=\"font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\"> reduces its investments in coal and unconventional oil and gas<\/span><\/span><u><\/u><span style=\"text-decoration-line: underline; font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family);\"><span style=\"font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reclaimfinance.org\/site\/en\/2021\/01\/18\/quitting-fossil-fuels-the-comeback-of-the-banque-de-france\/\">.<\/a><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family);\"><span style=\"font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">. However, it has up to now failed to be consistent and call for an immediate exclusion of fossil fuels from the European monetary policy. <\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-29 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-section-separator section-separator big-half-circle fusion-section-separator-5\" style=\"--awb-spacer-height:99px;--awb-svg-margin-left:0;--awb-svg-margin-right:0;--awb-divider-height:99px;--awb-spacer-padding-top:inherit;--awb-sep-padding:0;--awb-svg-padding:0;\"><div class=\"fusion-section-separator-svg\"><svg class=\"fusion-big-half-circle-candy\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"100%\" height=\"100\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 100\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" fill=\"rgba(63,66,80,1)\"><path d=\"M0 100 C40 0 60 0 100 100 Z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div><div class=\"fusion-section-separator-spacer\"><div class=\"fusion-section-separator-spacer-height\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-7 nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-bottom:0px;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;--awb-background-color:#3f4250;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" id=\"people\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-30 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-top:20px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-6 fusion-title-center fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\" style=\"--awb-text-color:#ffffff;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:0px;\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left\"><div class=\"title-sep sep- sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#3e3e3e;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-center fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:33;line-height:1.5;\">The people demand immediate action<\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><\/div><\/h2><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep- sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#3e3e3e;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:20px;margin-bottom:40px;width:100%;max-width:200px;\"><div class=\"fusion-separator-border sep-shadow\" style=\"--awb-height:20px;--awb-amount:20px;background:radial-gradient(ellipse at 50% -50% , #c1c1c1 0px, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 80%) repeat scroll 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);background:-webkit-radial-gradient(ellipse at 50% -50% , #c1c1c1 0px, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 80%) repeat scroll 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);background:-moz-radial-gradient(ellipse at 50% -50% , #c1c1c1 0px, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 80%) repeat scroll 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);background:-o-radial-gradient(ellipse at 50% -50% , #c1c1c1 0px, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 80%) repeat scroll 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-31 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-7\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #8ac56b;\"><b>The technical barriers that banks have used to shield themselves from citizens\u2019 demands are crumbling down. <\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #8ac56b;\"><b style=\"color: #ffffff;\">The Covid-19 hurt Europe badly and Europeans demand that financial institutions respect the planet and its inhabitants and build a climate-resilient financial system. More than <\/b><\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/actions.sumofus.org\/a\/european-central-bank-stop-funding-the-climate-crisis\"><u><span style=\"color: #8ac56b;\"><b style=\"color: #ffffff;\">166 000<\/b><\/span><b style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"> citizens<\/span><\/b><\/u><\/a><b style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\"><\/b><b style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\"><\/b><b style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"> are demanding the European Central Bank stop financing climate chaos.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><b><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">Make your voice heard today.<\/span> <\/b><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-aligncenter\"><a class=\"fusion-button button-flat button-large button-default fusion-button-default button-5 fusion-button-default-span fusion-button-default-type\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/actions.sumofus.org\/a\/european-central-bank-stop-funding-the-climate-crisis\"><i class=\"fa-child fas button-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><span class=\"fusion-button-text\">SIGN THE PETITION!<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-32 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last fusion-column-no-min-height fusion-no-small-visibility\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-top:50px;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-section-separator section-separator big-half-circle fusion-section-separator-6\" style=\"--awb-spacer-height:99px;--awb-svg-margin-left:0;--awb-svg-margin-right:0;--awb-divider-height:99px;--awb-spacer-padding-top:inherit;--awb-sep-padding:0;--awb-svg-padding:0;--awb-margin-bottom:-1px;\"><div class=\"fusion-section-separator-svg\"><svg class=\"fusion-big-half-circle-candy\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"100%\" height=\"100\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 100\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" fill=\"rgba(80,172,120,1)\"><path d=\"M0 100 C40 0 60 0 100 100 Z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div><div class=\"fusion-section-separator-spacer\"><div class=\"fusion-section-separator-spacer-height\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":28,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"100-width.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"programme":[],"class_list":["post-1950","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.1 - 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