{"id":17507,"date":"2022-01-04T11:14:04","date_gmt":"2022-01-04T10:14:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/reclaimfinance.org\/site\/?p=17507"},"modified":"2023-02-08T15:49:49","modified_gmt":"2023-02-08T14:49:49","slug":"un-greenwashing-de-haut-vol-autour-dune-nouvelle-obligation-verte","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/reclaimfinance.org\/site\/2022\/01\/04\/un-greenwashing-de-haut-vol-autour-dune-nouvelle-obligation-verte\/","title":{"rendered":"Un greenwashing de haut vol autour d’une nouvelle obligation verte"},"content":{"rendered":"

Communiqu\u00e9 de presse, <\/span>Paris, 4 janvier 2022 <\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

22 banques, dont BNP Paribas, HSBC et UBS, approchent les investisseurs \u00e0 partir d’aujourd’hui pour les appeler \u00e0 investir dans une obligation de 4 milliards de dollars que l’Autorit\u00e9 A\u00e9roportuaire de Hong Kong tente de lever pour financer une troisi\u00e8me piste de l’a\u00e9roport international de la ville (1). L’une des tranches propos\u00e9es sera une obligation verte d\u2019une maturit\u00e9 de 5 ans. Ce projet repr\u00e9sente un risque s\u00e9rieux pour le climat et la biodiversit\u00e9, et notamment pour le dauphin blanc de Chine, une esp\u00e8ce menac\u00e9e. Reclaim Finance d\u00e9nonce la participation des banques et appelle les investisseurs \u00e0 ne pas participer \u00e0 l’op\u00e9ration pour \u00e9viter un risque important de greenwashing et de r\u00e9putation. <\/b><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>

Le projet fait partie du plan d’expansion de l’a\u00e9roport international de Hong Kong (HKIA) qui a d\u00e9but\u00e9 en 2016 et devrait \u00eatre enti\u00e8rement achev\u00e9 en 2024 (2). Selon Airport Tracker, l’a\u00e9roport \u00e9met actuellement l’\u00e9quivalent des \u00e9missions annuelles de CO2 de trois centrales \u00e0 charbon. Or, l’ampleur de l’expansion sera \u00e9quivalente \u00e0 la construction d’un nouvel a\u00e9roport \u00e0 c\u00f4t\u00e9 de l’existant (3). <\/span><\/p>\n

En plus de son impact sur le climat, le projet menace les derniers dauphins blancs de Chine qui subsistent dans les eaux de Hong Kong (4). \u00c9galement appel\u00e9 dauphin rose, cette esp\u00e8ce est menac\u00e9e d’extinction et figure \u00e0 l’annexe I (le niveau de protection le plus \u00e9lev\u00e9) de la Convention sur le commerce international des esp\u00e8ces de faune et de flore sauvages menac\u00e9es d’extinction (CITES). C’est l’une des nombreuses esp\u00e8ces marines qui verront leur habitat d\u00e9truit, sans compter la pollution hydrique, sonore et atmosph\u00e9rique caus\u00e9e par le projet. <\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>

\n

\u00ab\u00a0L’\u00e9mission d’une obligation verte pour un projet aussi d\u00e9vastateur a peut-\u00eatre \u00e9t\u00e9 autoris\u00e9e (5) mais les risques pour le climat et la biodiversit\u00e9 associ\u00e9s au projet parlent d’eux-m\u00eames : \u00e9tiqueter ce projet comme vert est du greenwashing de haut vol. Les investisseurs honn\u00eates devraient tout simplement se tenir \u00e0 l’\u00e9cart de cette obligation\u00a0\u00bb <\/span><\/i>d\u00e9clare Lucie Pinson, directrice de Reclaim Finance. <\/b><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>

Au-del\u00e0 de la question de l’\u00e9tiquetage d’une partie du projet comme \u00e9tant vert, la participation de 11 banques qui ont rejoint la Net-Zero Banking Alliance soul\u00e8ve des doutes sur la cr\u00e9dibilit\u00e9 de leurs engagements climatiques et sur la mani\u00e8re dont elles comptent atteindre leur objectif net z\u00e9ro tout en soutenant la croissance du trafic a\u00e9rien. Ces banques sont ANZ, Bank of America, BNP Paribas, Citibank, Credit Suisse, HSBC, J.P. Morgan Chase, Mizuho, Morgan Stanley, Standard Chartered et UBS. <\/span><\/p>\n

La croissance du trafic a\u00e9rien a entra\u00een\u00e9 une augmentation de 42 % des \u00e9missions de CO2 entre 2005 et 2019, m\u00eame en tenant compte des am\u00e9liorations continues de l’efficacit\u00e9 \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique des avions (6). Une \u00e9tude du Shift Project qui a analys\u00e9 deux sc\u00e9narios de d\u00e9carbonisation du secteur de l’aviation par la technologie montre que le secteur ne pourrait pas s’aligner de mani\u00e8re r\u00e9aliste sur une trajectoire de 2\u00b0C sans r\u00e9duire la croissance du trafic (7). <\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>

\n

\u00a0\u00bb Lorsque des banques, telles que BNP Paribas, HSBC et UBS, r\u00e9\u00e9crivent le dictionnaire pour repeindre en vert un a\u00e9roport, nous ne pouvons que remettre en question toute la cr\u00e9dibilit\u00e9 de leurs engagements climatiques. Nous appelons les institutions financi\u00e8res \u00e0 s’engager publiquement \u00e0 ne soutenir aucun projet qui favorise la croissance du trafic a\u00e9rien \u00a0\u00bb <\/span><\/i>ajoute Lucie Pinson<\/span>. <\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>

L’autorit\u00e9 a\u00e9roportuaire de Hong Kong n’est pas la premi\u00e8re soci\u00e9t\u00e9 a\u00e9roportuaire \u00e0 \u00e9mettre une obligation verte pour financer l’expansion de ses infrastructures. Selon les recherches de Reclaim Finance, au moins 5 autres soci\u00e9t\u00e9s l’ont fait depuis la premi\u00e8re \u00e9mission obligataire du Mexico City Airport Trust en 2016 (8).\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>

Notes :<\/u><\/b><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. L’information a \u00e9t\u00e9 rendue publique hier sur le terminal Bloomberg et rapport\u00e9e par plusieurs m\u00e9dias. Parmi les banques impliqu\u00e9es sont <\/span>BofA Securities, BNP Paribas, HSBC, JPMorgan, Standard Chartered Bank et UBS en tant que Joint Global Coordinators, Joint Bookrunners et Joint Lead Managers; ANZ, Barclays, Bank of China, Citigroup, Credit Suisse, Mizuho Securities et Morgan Stanley as Joint Bookrunners et Joint Lead Manager.<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. La construction de la piste n\u00e9cessite \u00e9galement la construction d’autres installations, comme un nouveau terminal et un nouveau hall pour les passagers, qui seraient termin\u00e9s d\u2019ici 2024.<\/span><\/li>\n
  3. Les donn\u00e9es concernant les \u00e9missions actuelles proviennent de https:\/\/airporttracker.org<\/u>.<\/u><\/a> La nouvelle piste permettra de porter la capacit\u00e9 de l’a\u00e9roport de Hong Kong \u00e0 120 millions de passagers par an et la capacit\u00e9 de fret \u00e0 10 millions de tonnes par an. Voir la page internet de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/u><\/a>. <\/a><\/li>\n
  4. \u00c0 Hong Kong, le nombre de dauphins blancs a chut\u00e9 de plus de 80 % au cours des 15 derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es. En 2020, les estimations indiquent qu’il ne reste en moyenne que 32 dauphins blancs de Chine dans les eaux de Hong Kong. <\/span>Voir une \u00e9tude du WWF<\/a><\/u>, <\/a><\/span>ainsi que <\/span>l\u2019alerte lanc\u00e9e d\u00e8s 2016 sur les impacts d\u2019une extension de l’a\u00e9roport<\/a><\/u>.<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n
  5. Les r\u00e9f\u00e9rences \u00ab\u00a0vertes\u00a0\u00bb de cette entreprise ont \u00e9t\u00e9 certifi\u00e9es par l’Agence d’assurance qualit\u00e9 de Hong Kong (HKQAA) dans le cadre de son dispositif de certification de la finance durable et des obligations vertes. Plus g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement, Sustainalytics, une filiale de Morningstar, a r\u00e9cemment valid\u00e9 le cadre pour la finance durable de l\u2019Autorit\u00e9 A\u00e9roportuaire. <\/span><\/li>\n
  6. The contribution of global aviation to anthropogenic climate for 2000 to 2018<\/u><\/a><\/span>, Lee et al, Atmospheric Environment, 2020, 117834, ISSN 1352-2310.<\/span><\/li>\n
  7. Flying In 2050 : What Aviation In A Constrained World<\/u><\/a><\/span>, Shift Project, 2021. <\/span><\/li>\n
  8. Les autres entreprises sont le Mexico City Airport Trust, le Royal Schiphol Group, Swedavia, Aeroporti di Roma Group et Incheon International Airport Corporation. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>

    Contacts m\u00e9dia<\/span><\/u><\/b><\/p>\n

      \n
    • Angus Satow, Relations m\u00e9dias, angus@reclaimfinance.org, +447847754046 (London)<\/li>\n
    • Lara Cuvelier, charg\u00e9e de campagne, lara@reclaimfinance.org, +33668451893 (Paris)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":28,"featured_media":17510,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[36],"tags":[1548,351,40,1256,761],"acteurs_financiers":[2434],"thematique":[],"webinar_type":[],"programme":[],"class_list":["post-17507","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-communique-de-presse","tag-aviation","tag-bnp-paribas-fr","tag-climat","tag-finance-durable","tag-greenwashing","acteurs_financiers-investisseurs"],"yoast_head":"\nUn greenwashing de haut vol autour d'une nouvelle obligation verte - Reclaim Finance<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Des banques aident un a\u00e9roport \u00e0 financer son d\u00e9veloppement gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des obligations "vertes". 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