{"id":9078,"date":"2021-02-25T06:00:58","date_gmt":"2021-02-25T05:00:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/reclaimfinance.org\/site\/?p=9078"},"modified":"2023-02-28T17:56:59","modified_gmt":"2023-02-28T16:56:59","slug":"revealed-the-leading-financiers-of-the-coal-industry","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/reclaimfinance.org\/site\/en\/2021\/02\/25\/revealed-the-leading-financiers-of-the-coal-industry\/","title":{"rendered":"Revealed: the leading financiers of the coal industry"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b><span style=\"color: #8ac56b; font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\"><strong>Press release (abridged), 25th February 2021 &#8211; published by Urgewald, Reclaim Finance, Rainforest Action Network, 350.org Japan and 25 further NGO partners.<\/strong><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong style=\"color: #8ac56b;\">US investors hold 58% of institutional investments in the coal industry<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong style=\"color: #8ac56b;\">Commercial banks providing more money to the coal industry than in 2016<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong style=\"color: #8ac56b;\">Japanese banks are top lenders, Chinese banks top underwriters<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong style=\"color: #8ac56b;\">Together, BlackRock and Vanguard account for 17% of institutional investments in the global coal industry<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Today, Urgewald, Reclaim Finance and allied NGOs publish <b>groundbreaking research on the financiers and investors behind the global coal industry.<\/b> \u201cThis is the first time anyone has attempted to analyze commercial banks\u2019 and institutional investors\u2019 exposure to the entire coal industry. In past years, the scope of our financial research was limited to around 200 coal plant developers. Our new research, however, analyzes financial flows to all 934 companies on the Global Coal Exit List (GCEL),\u201d says Katrin Ganswindt, head of financial research at Urgewald.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b style=\"color: #59bc6d;\">Top Institutional Investors in the Coal Industry<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In January 2021, 4,488 institutional investors held investments totaling <b>US$ 1.03 trillion<\/b> in <span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">companies operating along the thermal coal value chain. Among the investors covered by <\/span><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">the NGOs\u2019 research are pension funds, mutual funds, asset managers, insurance companies, <\/span><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">hedge funds, commercial banks, sovereign wealth funds and other types of institutional <\/span><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">investors. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">The world\u2019s largest institutional investor in the coal industry is the US mutual fund company <\/span><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\"><b>Vanguard <\/b><\/span><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">with holdings of almost <\/span><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\"><b>US$ 86 billion<\/b><\/span><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">. It is closely followed by <\/span><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\"><b>BlackRock<\/b><\/span><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">, which <\/span><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">holds investments of over<\/span><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\"><b> US$ 84 billion<\/b><\/span><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\"> in the coal industry. Together, these two <\/span><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">investment giants account for <\/span><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\"><b>17% of institutional investments in the global coal industry<\/b><\/span><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">. <\/span><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">Based on their size, BlackRock and Vanguard\u2019s coal investments are in a class of their own, <\/span><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">but they are also representative of a much bigger problem. US investors are the single <\/span><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">largest provider of institutional investment to companies on the Global Coal Exit List. <\/span><b><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">With <\/span><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">shares and bonds in value of US$ 602 billion, US investors collectively account for 58% of <\/span><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">institutional investments in the global coal industry<\/span><\/b><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\"><b style=\"color: #59bc6d;\">The Biggest Lenders to the Coal Industry<\/b><\/span><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\"><br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The research identified <b>381 commercial banks<\/b> <b>that provided loans totaling US$ 315 <span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">billion to the coal industry over the past two years<\/span><\/b><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">. <\/span><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">The top 3 lenders are the Japanese banks <\/span><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">Mizuho (US$ 22 billion), Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation (US$ 21bn) and <\/span><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group (US$ 18bn). The 4th and 5th largest lenders to the coal <\/span><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">industry are Citigroup (US$ 13.5bn) and Barclays (US$ 13.4bn).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b style=\"color: #59bc6d;\">The Biggest Underwriters of the Coal Industry<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Over the same time period, <b>427 commercial banks channeled over US$ 808 billion to companies on the Global Coal Exit List through underwriting<\/b>. The world\u2019s top 5 underwriters are all Chinese financial institutions. They are in descending order, the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (US$ 37 billion), the China International Trust and Investment Corporation (US$ 32 billion), the Shanghai Pudong Development Bank (US$ 28 billion), the Bank of China (US$ 24 billion) and the China Everbright Group (US$ 23.7 billion).<b style=\"color: #59bc6d;\"><br \/>\n<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b style=\"color: #59bc6d;\">Commercial Banks\u2019 Support for the Coal Industry has Increased since Paris<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The NGOs\u2019 research also examined the development of banks\u2019 lending and underwriting for <span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">the coal industry since January 2016. While direct lending for coal companies spiked in 2017, <\/span><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">subsequent years show a downward trend in lending volumes. Underwriting of coal industry <\/span><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">shares and bonds, however, has grown steadily since 2016. Alarmingly,<\/span> <b><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">commercial banks\u2019 are channeling more money to the <\/span><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">coal industry than in 2016, the year after the Paris Climate Agreement was signed<\/span><\/b><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">. <\/span><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">In 2016, banks provided US$ 491 billion through lending and underwriting to companies <\/span><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">listed on the GCEL. By 2019, this amount had grown to US$ 543 billion, an increase of <\/span><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">almost 11%.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201cThese numbers provide a sobering reality check on bank\u2019s climate commitments. <span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">The new financial data confirms the findings of our Coal Policy Tool: The vast majority of <\/span><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">banks\u2019 coal policies have so many loopholes that their impact is almost meaningless<\/span><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">,<\/span><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">\u201d says <\/span><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">Yann Louvel, policy analyst for the NGO Reclaim Finance. <\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b style=\"color: #59bc6d;\">What needs to be done?<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ending the era of coal means ending the era of coal finance and investment. But the time to <span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">accomplish this task is quickly running out.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00ab\u00a0Now is the time for the finance industry to act. A speedy exit <span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">from coal finance and investment is not only do-able and desirable, it is a question of <\/span><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">survival<\/span><span style=\"color: var(--body_typography-color); font-family: var(--body_typography-font-family); font-size: var(--body_typography-font-size); font-style: var(--body_typography-font-style,normal); font-weight: var(--body_typography-font-weight); letter-spacing: var(--body_typography-letter-spacing);\">,\u201d says Louvel.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-border-sizes-top:1px;--awb-border-sizes-bottom:1px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:10px;--awb-padding-right:10px;--awb-padding-left:10px;--awb-overflow:hidden;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-border-color:#ffffff;--awb-border-top:1px;--awb-border-right:1px;--awb-border-bottom:1px;--awb-border-left:1px;--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-border-radius:10px 10px 10px 10px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\"><p><b><u><i>Press Contacts:<\/i><\/u><\/b><\/p>\n<p>Jacey Bingler, Urgewald, jacey@urgewald.org<\/p>\n<p>Angus Satow, Reclaim Finance, angus@reclaimfinance.org<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:10px;--awb-padding-right:10px;--awb-padding-left:10px;--awb-overflow:hidden;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-border-color:#8ac56b;--awb-border-top:1px;--awb-border-right:1px;--awb-border-bottom:1px;--awb-border-left:1px;--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-border-radius:10px 10px 10px 10px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-3\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><b><i><u><a href=\"https:\/\/reclaimfinance.org\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Embargoed-release-GCEL-finance-research.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Read the full <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/reclaimfinance.org\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Embargoed-release-GCEL-finance-research.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">press <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/reclaimfinance.org\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Embargoed-release-GCEL-finance-research.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">release <\/a><\/u><\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":28,"featured_media":8592,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[226,228],"tags":[721,413,549,244,269],"acteurs_financiers":[],"thematique":[2421,2504,2423],"webinar_type":[],"programme":[],"class_list":["post-9078","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-press-release","category-secondary-en","tag-finance-en","tag-oil-and-gas","tag-paris-agreement","tag-total-en","tag-unconventional-oil-and-gas","thematique-coal","thematique-finance-en","thematique-fossil-fuels"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Revealed: the leading financiers of the coal industry - Reclaim Finance<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" 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