Mettre fin aux obligations toxiques
Les banques doivent rompre leurs liens avec l’expansion fossile
Le marché obligataire est une source de financement essentielle pour les entreprises les plus polluantes au monde. Bien que les experts climatiques soulignent l’urgence de mettre immédiatement fin au développement de nouveaux projets fossiles, les entreprises développant ces projets continuent de lever des milliards sur les marchés obligataires mondiaux. Pour ce faire, ces entreprises s’appuient sur une chaîne d’institutions financières, allant des banques aux investisseurs, en passant par les agences de notation. L’outil de suivi en direct présenté ci-dessous révèle quelles banques sont impliquées dans les dernières émissions d’obligations les plus toxiques.
Les obligations, une source de financement essentielle pour les entreprises polluantes
Le marché obligataire est de plus en plus utilisé comme tirelire par les entreprises les plus polluantes au monde. La part des obligations dans les stratégies de financement des entreprises du secteur des énergies fossiles a augmenté au fil des ans, doublant presque au cours de la dernière décennie. En 2024 et 2023, selon le rapport Banking on Climate Chaos, 51 % du financement des entreprises impliquées dans l’expansion des énergies fossiles provenait d’obligations, représentant US$391 milliards d’émissions obligataires.
Plusieurs raisons peuvent expliquer cette forte dépendance à l’égard des obligations pour le financement des énergies fossiles.
- Les obligations permettent aux entreprises d’accéder à un pool de capitaux plus important que si elles dépendaient uniquement des prêts bancaires pour leur financement. Les obligations puisent dans les marchés financiers plus larges, y compris les investisseurs institutionnels tels que les fonds de pension, les assureurs et les gestionnaires d’actifs.
- Les obligations offrent un refuge sûr aux entreprises du secteur des énergies fossiles, car les fonds levés ne sont généralement pas soumis à des restrictions et servent à répondre aux besoins généraux des entreprises. Contrairement aux financements dédiés, le produit des obligations peut facilement être utilisé pour de nouveaux projets liés aux énergies fossiles, en suivant les plans d’investissement de l’entreprise, sans contrôle des banques ou des investisseurs.
- Certains des plus grands développeurs d’énergies fossiles ne sont pas cotés en bourse, comme ADNOC, Freeport LNG ou QatarEnergy. Par conséquent, l’émission d’obligations est pour ces entreprises le seul moyen d’accéder aux marchés financiers sans dépendre uniquement du financement bancaire.
Comme les obligations sont le plus souvent utilisées par les entreprises pour leurs besoins de financements généraux et en fonction de leurs choix d’allocation de capital, les capitaux levés via ces obligations peuvent être utilisés par les entreprises du secteur des énergies fossiles pour développer leurs activités. À ce titre, le marché obligataire joue un rôle important dans le financement de nouveaux projets dans les secteurs du charbon, du pétrole et du gaz.
L’outil de suivi en direct ci-dessous contient des informations sur les banques impliquées dans les obligations en circulation (c’est-à-dire les obligations qui n’ont pas encore été remboursées aux investisseurs) de 35 des entreprises ayant les plus grands projets d’expansion fossile. Les obligations prises en compte dans l’outil de suivi n’incluent pas les obligations vertes (“green bonds”), qui sont des obligations dont les fonds sont destinés à financer des projets présentant des avantages environnementaux (voir la section sur les obligations vertes ci-dessous pour plus de détails).
Entreprises actives dans le secteur du charbon (extraction, électricité ou infrastructure)
Entreprises actives dans le secteur amont du pétrole et du gaz
Entreprises actives dans le secteur intermédiaire du pétrole et du gaz (pipelines et terminaux de GNL)
Les obligations d’entreprise constituent une source de financement essentielle pour les plus grandes entreprises mondiales. Il s’agit de titres de créance, à l’instar d’une reconnaissance de dette, dans le cadre desquels une société (l’émetteur) vend des obligations à de nombreux investisseurs (les détenteurs d’obligations) qui prêtent de l’argent à l’entité pour une période déterminée (la durée) en échange de paiements d’intérêts réguliers (le taux d’intérêt nominal). Les entreprises émettent des obligations afin d’emprunter de l’argent pour leurs opérations générales, leurs projets, et/ou le refinancement d’autres dettes.
Pour émettre une obligation, les entreprises s’appuient sur une chaîne d’institutions financières : banques d’investissement, investisseurs et agences de notation. Les rôles définis ci-dessous sont essentiels au processus d’émission d’obligations.
La majorité des obligations émises sont des obligations classiques (parfois appelées obligations « vanille »), dont les fonds ne sont pas affectés à des projets spécifiques et financent l’entité émettrice dans son ensemble.
Mais certaines obligations émises par des entreprises sont des obligations dites « labellisées » qui sont censées soutenir les entreprises dans leur transition climatique et comportent certaines conditions à remplir. Il existe quatre grands types de labels sur le marché de la dette durable : “green”, “social”, “sustainability” et “sustainability linked”. Les obligations labellisées représentent environ 10 % du marché mondial des obligations d’entreprises en 2024.
Certains considèrent ces instruments du marché de la dette durable comme une porte de sortie «verte». Cependant, en raison du manque de supervision, ils couvrent une multitude de réalités, notamment le financement de projets non verts et l’existence d’obligations assorties de conditions peu contraignantes et cosmétiques par des entreprises qui ne se sont pas engagées à s’aligner avec un scénario 1,5 °C robuste et qui sont actives dans les secteurs les plus polluants.
Pour en savoir plus sur les obligations et les green bonds cliquez ici.
Les banques derrière les obligations fossiles
Le financement des énergies fossiles par le biais d’obligations est rendu possible notamment par les banques impliquées dans leur processus d’émission.
Les banques jouent un rôle important dans la souscription et la facilitation des émissions d’obligations, en mettant en relation les entreprises et les investisseurs et en structurant le processus de transaction. Pourtant, les banques ont tendance à ne pas assumer la responsabilité de ce rôle et donc du rôle que jouent les obligations dans l’accélération de la crise climatique. Aujourd’hui, la plupart des banques internationales n’incluent pas les activités de marché des capitaux dans leurs objectifs de décarbonisation et aucune n’a fixé d’objectifs de réduction du volume de financement facilité sur les marchés financiers pour les énergies fossiles, alors que ce type d’objectif est le plus efficace pour favoriser la décarbonisation.
C’est pourquoi il est essentiel de suivre les obligations liées aux énergies fossiles qui sont émises chaque jour et d’appeler les banques à assumer la responsabilité de tous les types de services financiers qu’elles offrent aux entreprises (services de prêt et de crédit, souscription d’obligations, services de conseil).
Le tableau ci-dessous présente la participation des banques dans les obligations en circulation de 35 entreprises ayant des projets d’expansion dans le secteur des énergies fossiles. Les informations sont mises à jour chaque mois afin d’inclure les dernières émissions obligataires, ce qui nous permet d’identifier les banques impliquées dans chaque nouvelle opération obligataire.
Outil de suivi de la participation des banques aux récentes émissions d’obligations de développeurs fossiles
Dernière mise à jour : 31/07/2025
| Banque | Entreprise fossile | Nombre d'émissions d'obligations facilitées (total) | Nombre d'émissions d'obligations récentes facilitées (depuis le 01.01.2023) |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP Morgan Chase | Energy Transfer LP | 38 | 15 |
| JP Morgan Chase | Exxon Mobil Corp | 26 | 2 |
| JP Morgan Chase | China Petrochemical Corp | 25 | 0 |
| JP Morgan Chase | ConocoPhillips | 22 | 15 |
| JP Morgan Chase | BP PLC | 21 | 9 |
| JP Morgan Chase | Eni SpA | 20 | 8 |
| JP Morgan Chase | TotalEnergies SE | 19 | 6 |
| JP Morgan Chase | Saudi Arabian Oil Co | 18 | 8 |
| JP Morgan Chase | Cheniere Energy Inc | 16 | 5 |
| JP Morgan Chase | Equinor ASA | 16 | 3 |
| JP Morgan Chase | Chevron Corp | 16 | 7 |
| JP Morgan Chase | Venture Global Inc | 15 | 12 |
| JP Morgan Chase | Glencore PLC | 15 | 7 |
| JP Morgan Chase | Gazprom PJSC | 14 | 0 |
| JP Morgan Chase | Sempra | 13 | 6 |
| JP Morgan Chase | Petroleos Mexicanos | 13 | 1 |
| JP Morgan Chase | EOG Resources Inc | 11 | 5 |
| JP Morgan Chase | Petroleo Brasileiro SA | 10 | 1 |
| JP Morgan Chase | Woodside Energy Group Ltd | 8 | 6 |
| JP Morgan Chase | Shell PLC | 8 | 1 |
| JP Morgan Chase | Adani Group | 7 | 0 |
| JP Morgan Chase | Abu Dhabi National Oil Co | 6 | 3 |
| JP Morgan Chase | Repsol SA | 5 | 1 |
| JP Morgan Chase | QatarEnergy | 5 | 0 |
| JP Morgan Chase | GreenSaif Pipelines Topco Sarl | 4 | 4 |
| JP Morgan Chase | Mitsubishi Corp | 4 | 3 |
| JP Morgan Chase | Marubeni Corp | 3 | 2 |
| JP Morgan Chase | Korea Electric Power Corp | 2 | 2 |
| JP Morgan Chase | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 1 | 0 |
| Citigroup | Energy Transfer LP | 36 | 15 |
| Citigroup | China Petrochemical Corp | 31 | 0 |
| Citigroup | Eni SpA | 26 | 10 |
| Citigroup | Exxon Mobil Corp | 24 | 1 |
| Citigroup | BP PLC | 23 | 2 |
| Citigroup | Saudi Arabian Oil Co | 18 | 8 |
| Citigroup | ConocoPhillips | 17 | 9 |
| Citigroup | Chevron Corp | 16 | 7 |
| Citigroup | Petroleos Mexicanos | 14 | 0 |
| Citigroup | TotalEnergies SE | 13 | 3 |
| Citigroup | Cheniere Energy Inc | 11 | 5 |
| Citigroup | Equinor ASA | 11 | 0 |
| Citigroup | EOG Resources Inc | 10 | 5 |
| Citigroup | Korea Electric Power Corp | 10 | 4 |
| Citigroup | Glencore PLC | 10 | 3 |
| Citigroup | Petroleo Brasileiro SA | 10 | 1 |
| Citigroup | Sempra | 9 | 1 |
| Citigroup | Repsol SA | 8 | 1 |
| Citigroup | Adani Group | 8 | 0 |
| Citigroup | Abu Dhabi National Oil Co | 5 | 3 |
| Citigroup | Shell PLC | 5 | 0 |
| Citigroup | QatarEnergy | 5 | 0 |
| Citigroup | GreenSaif Pipelines Topco Sarl | 4 | 4 |
| Citigroup | Mitsubishi Corp | 4 | 3 |
| Citigroup | Sumitomo Corp | 4 | 3 |
| Citigroup | Woodside Energy Group Ltd | 4 | 0 |
| Citigroup | Marubeni Corp | 2 | 2 |
| Citigroup | Venture Global Inc | 1 | 1 |
| Bank of America | Energy Transfer LP | 37 | 15 |
| Bank of America | Exxon Mobil Corp | 23 | 1 |
| Bank of America | BP PLC | 22 | 5 |
| Bank of America | Petroleos Mexicanos | 20 | 0 |
| Bank of America | Eni SpA | 19 | 8 |
| Bank of America | China Petrochemical Corp | 17 | 0 |
| Bank of America | Cheniere Energy Inc | 16 | 5 |
| Bank of America | Chevron Corp | 16 | 7 |
| Bank of America | Equinor ASA | 15 | 3 |
| Bank of America | Venture Global Inc | 14 | 11 |
| Bank of America | ConocoPhillips | 14 | 9 |
| Bank of America | Glencore PLC | 13 | 8 |
| Bank of America | Saudi Arabian Oil Co | 10 | 6 |
| Bank of America | TotalEnergies SE | 10 | 5 |
| Bank of America | EOG Resources Inc | 9 | 5 |
| Bank of America | Woodside Energy Group Ltd | 6 | 4 |
| Bank of America | Sempra | 6 | 3 |
| Bank of America | Adani Group | 6 | 0 |
| Bank of America | Repsol SA | 6 | 0 |
| Bank of America | Petroleo Brasileiro SA | 5 | 1 |
| Bank of America | Sumitomo Corp | 4 | 3 |
| Bank of America | Marubeni Corp | 3 | 2 |
| Bank of America | Korea Electric Power Corp | 3 | 3 |
| Bank of America | Abu Dhabi National Oil Co | 3 | 3 |
| Bank of America | GreenSaif Pipelines Topco Sarl | 3 | 3 |
| Bank of America | QatarEnergy | 3 | 0 |
| Bank of America | Shell PLC | 3 | 0 |
| Bank of America | Mitsubishi Corp | 1 | 1 |
| Bank of America | Freeport LNG Development LP | 1 | 0 |
| Bank of America | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 1 | 0 |
| Mizuho | Energy Transfer LP | 43 | 14 |
| Mizuho | Saudi Arabian Oil Co | 17 | 8 |
| Mizuho | Cheniere Energy Inc | 16 | 5 |
| Mizuho | Chevron Corp | 16 | 7 |
| Mizuho | BP PLC | 16 | 3 |
| Mizuho | ConocoPhillips | 15 | 9 |
| Mizuho | Exxon Mobil Corp | 15 | 0 |
| Mizuho | China Petrochemical Corp | 15 | 0 |
| Mizuho | Marubeni Corp | 14 | 8 |
| Mizuho | Venture Global Inc | 14 | 11 |
| Mizuho | Sempra | 13 | 5 |
| Mizuho | Glencore PLC | 11 | 5 |
| Mizuho | TotalEnergies SE | 10 | 6 |
| Mizuho | Mitsubishi Corp | 9 | 6 |
| Mizuho | Sumitomo Corp | 9 | 4 |
| Mizuho | Petroleos Mexicanos | 7 | 1 |
| Mizuho | Adani Group | 7 | 0 |
| Mizuho | Repsol SA | 6 | 3 |
| Mizuho | Abu Dhabi National Oil Co | 5 | 3 |
| Mizuho | San Miguel Corp | 4 | 2 |
| Mizuho | Gazprom PJSC | 4 | 0 |
| Mizuho | GreenSaif Pipelines Topco Sarl | 3 | 3 |
| Mizuho | Korea Electric Power Corp | 3 | 3 |
| Mizuho | Shell PLC | 3 | 0 |
| Mizuho | Equinor ASA | 3 | 0 |
| Mizuho | Petroleo Brasileiro SA | 2 | 1 |
| Mizuho | Woodside Energy Group Ltd | 2 | 2 |
| Mizuho | Freeport LNG Development LP | 1 | 0 |
| Goldman Sachs | BP PLC | 26 | 6 |
| Goldman Sachs | China Petrochemical Corp | 26 | 0 |
| Goldman Sachs | Exxon Mobil Corp | 20 | 1 |
| Goldman Sachs | Eni SpA | 19 | 8 |
| Goldman Sachs | Energy Transfer LP | 19 | 1 |
| Goldman Sachs | Saudi Arabian Oil Co | 17 | 8 |
| Goldman Sachs | Cheniere Energy Inc | 16 | 5 |
| Goldman Sachs | Chevron Corp | 16 | 7 |
| Goldman Sachs | Venture Global Inc | 13 | 11 |
| Goldman Sachs | Equinor ASA | 12 | 3 |
| Goldman Sachs | TotalEnergies SE | 11 | 2 |
| Goldman Sachs | EOG Resources Inc | 10 | 5 |
| Goldman Sachs | ConocoPhillips | 10 | 9 |
| Goldman Sachs | Sempra | 9 | 5 |
| Goldman Sachs | Shell PLC | 8 | 1 |
| Goldman Sachs | Repsol SA | 7 | 1 |
| Goldman Sachs | Petroleos Mexicanos | 7 | 0 |
| Goldman Sachs | QatarEnergy | 6 | 0 |
| Goldman Sachs | Woodside Energy Group Ltd | 4 | 4 |
| Goldman Sachs | Mitsubishi Corp | 4 | 2 |
| Goldman Sachs | Sumitomo Corp | 4 | 3 |
| Goldman Sachs | Korea Electric Power Corp | 4 | 0 |
| Goldman Sachs | Petroleo Brasileiro SA | 3 | 1 |
| Goldman Sachs | Freeport LNG Development LP | 2 | 0 |
| Goldman Sachs | Peabody Energy Corp | 1 | 0 |
| Goldman Sachs | Marubeni Corp | 1 | 0 |
| Morgan Stanley | Energy Transfer LP | 29 | 15 |
| Morgan Stanley | Exxon Mobil Corp | 28 | 3 |
| Morgan Stanley | BP PLC | 26 | 8 |
| Morgan Stanley | Cheniere Energy Inc | 16 | 5 |
| Morgan Stanley | Chevron Corp | 15 | 7 |
| Morgan Stanley | ConocoPhillips | 15 | 9 |
| Morgan Stanley | Shell PLC | 13 | 3 |
| Morgan Stanley | Petroleos Mexicanos | 13 | 0 |
| Morgan Stanley | Saudi Arabian Oil Co | 12 | 3 |
| Morgan Stanley | China Petrochemical Corp | 12 | 0 |
| Morgan Stanley | Eni SpA | 11 | 4 |
| Morgan Stanley | Sempra | 10 | 2 |
| Morgan Stanley | Glencore PLC | 10 | 7 |
| Morgan Stanley | TotalEnergies SE | 9 | 3 |
| Morgan Stanley | Equinor ASA | 6 | 0 |
| Morgan Stanley | Abu Dhabi National Oil Co | 5 | 4 |
| Morgan Stanley | Petroleo Brasileiro SA | 4 | 1 |
| Morgan Stanley | Repsol SA | 4 | 1 |
| Morgan Stanley | Mitsubishi Corp | 4 | 3 |
| Morgan Stanley | Venture Global Inc | 4 | 1 |
| Morgan Stanley | Korea Electric Power Corp | 4 | 0 |
| Morgan Stanley | Sumitomo Corp | 2 | 1 |
| Morgan Stanley | Gazprom PJSC | 1 | 0 |
| Morgan Stanley | QatarEnergy | 1 | 0 |
| MUFG | Energy Transfer LP | 49 | 15 |
| MUFG | BP PLC | 16 | 3 |
| MUFG | Sempra | 16 | 5 |
| MUFG | Saudi Arabian Oil Co | 15 | 8 |
| MUFG | Cheniere Energy Inc | 15 | 4 |
| MUFG | TotalEnergies SE | 14 | 6 |
| MUFG | Chevron Corp | 14 | 7 |
| MUFG | ConocoPhillips | 13 | 9 |
| MUFG | Eni SpA | 12 | 7 |
| MUFG | Glencore PLC | 12 | 8 |
| MUFG | Mitsubishi Corp | 10 | 5 |
| MUFG | Venture Global Inc | 9 | 9 |
| MUFG | Sumitomo Corp | 9 | 3 |
| MUFG | Adani Group | 8 | 0 |
| MUFG | Repsol SA | 5 | 1 |
| MUFG | Marubeni Corp | 5 | 1 |
| MUFG | Petroleo Brasileiro SA | 5 | 1 |
| MUFG | Exxon Mobil Corp | 4 | 1 |
| MUFG | Petroleos Mexicanos | 4 | 0 |
| MUFG | Abu Dhabi National Oil Co | 3 | 1 |
| MUFG | GreenSaif Pipelines Topco Sarl | 3 | 3 |
| MUFG | QatarEnergy | 3 | 0 |
| MUFG | EOG Resources Inc | 3 | 0 |
| MUFG | Gazprom PJSC | 1 | 0 |
| MUFG | Freeport LNG Development LP | 1 | 0 |
| MUFG | Shell PLC | 1 | 0 |
| SMBC | Energy Transfer LP | 32 | 14 |
| SMBC | Saudi Arabian Oil Co | 17 | 8 |
| SMBC | Chevron Corp | 16 | 7 |
| SMBC | Cheniere Energy Inc | 15 | 4 |
| SMBC | BP PLC | 15 | 4 |
| SMBC | Sumitomo Corp | 15 | 6 |
| SMBC | Venture Global Inc | 14 | 11 |
| SMBC | Eni SpA | 14 | 8 |
| SMBC | Exxon Mobil Corp | 13 | 0 |
| SMBC | ConocoPhillips | 12 | 9 |
| SMBC | TotalEnergies SE | 12 | 5 |
| SMBC | Marubeni Corp | 11 | 5 |
| SMBC | Sempra | 10 | 3 |
| SMBC | Glencore PLC | 8 | 5 |
| SMBC | Mitsubishi Corp | 7 | 5 |
| SMBC | Petroleos Mexicanos | 6 | 1 |
| SMBC | Gazprom PJSC | 5 | 0 |
| SMBC | Abu Dhabi National Oil Co | 4 | 4 |
| SMBC | GreenSaif Pipelines Topco Sarl | 3 | 3 |
| SMBC | Shell PLC | 2 | 0 |
| SMBC | Adani Group | 2 | 0 |
| SMBC | Petroleo Brasileiro SA | 2 | 0 |
| SMBC | EOG Resources Inc | 2 | 0 |
| SMBC | Freeport LNG Development LP | 1 | 0 |
| HSBC | China Petrochemical Corp | 22 | 0 |
| HSBC | BP PLC | 20 | 6 |
| HSBC | Saudi Arabian Oil Co | 19 | 8 |
| HSBC | Cheniere Energy Inc | 16 | 5 |
| HSBC | Chevron Corp | 16 | 7 |
| HSBC | Exxon Mobil Corp | 16 | 0 |
| HSBC | ConocoPhillips | 15 | 12 |
| HSBC | Energy Transfer LP | 15 | 0 |
| HSBC | Petroleos Mexicanos | 14 | 0 |
| HSBC | TotalEnergies SE | 13 | 5 |
| HSBC | Glencore PLC | 9 | 7 |
| HSBC | Petroleo Brasileiro SA | 9 | 1 |
| HSBC | Eni SpA | 8 | 3 |
| HSBC | Shell PLC | 8 | 0 |
| HSBC | Repsol SA | 7 | 2 |
| HSBC | Abu Dhabi National Oil Co | 5 | 3 |
| HSBC | QatarEnergy | 5 | 0 |
| HSBC | Sempra | 5 | 0 |
| HSBC | Korea Electric Power Corp | 4 | 1 |
| HSBC | GreenSaif Pipelines Topco Sarl | 4 | 4 |
| HSBC | Sumitomo Corp | 1 | 1 |
| HSBC | Freeport LNG Development LP | 1 | 0 |
| HSBC | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 1 | 0 |
| Barclays | Energy Transfer LP | 31 | 14 |
| Barclays | Eni SpA | 24 | 9 |
| Barclays | Exxon Mobil Corp | 23 | 1 |
| Barclays | Equinor ASA | 21 | 3 |
| Barclays | Chevron Corp | 16 | 7 |
| Barclays | TotalEnergies SE | 15 | 2 |
| Barclays | Shell PLC | 14 | 2 |
| Barclays | BP PLC | 12 | 5 |
| Barclays | EOG Resources Inc | 10 | 5 |
| Barclays | Glencore PLC | 8 | 2 |
| Barclays | Sempra | 8 | 1 |
| Barclays | Adani Group | 8 | 0 |
| Barclays | Petroleos Mexicanos | 7 | 1 |
| Barclays | Woodside Energy Group Ltd | 6 | 6 |
| Barclays | Repsol SA | 5 | 1 |
| Barclays | ConocoPhillips | 5 | 1 |
| Barclays | China Petrochemical Corp | 3 | 0 |
| Barclays | Mitsubishi Corp | 1 | 1 |
| Barclays | Sumitomo Corp | 1 | 1 |
| Barclays | Freeport LNG Development LP | 1 | 0 |
| Deutsche Bank | Energy Transfer LP | 37 | 14 |
| Deutsche Bank | BP PLC | 22 | 12 |
| Deutsche Bank | Exxon Mobil Corp | 20 | 2 |
| Deutsche Bank | TotalEnergies SE | 18 | 6 |
| Deutsche Bank | Equinor ASA | 14 | 3 |
| Deutsche Bank | Glencore PLC | 12 | 4 |
| Deutsche Bank | Chevron Corp | 12 | 7 |
| Deutsche Bank | Petroleos Mexicanos | 11 | 0 |
| Deutsche Bank | Shell PLC | 10 | 2 |
| Deutsche Bank | Venture Global Inc | 9 | 9 |
| Deutsche Bank | Eni SpA | 8 | 4 |
| Deutsche Bank | Repsol SA | 5 | 2 |
| Deutsche Bank | Petroleo Brasileiro SA | 5 | 0 |
| Deutsche Bank | Sempra | 4 | 0 |
| Deutsche Bank | QatarEnergy | 4 | 0 |
| Deutsche Bank | Adani Group | 3 | 0 |
| Deutsche Bank | Saudi Arabian Oil Co | 3 | 0 |
| Deutsche Bank | San Miguel Corp | 2 | 2 |
| Deutsche Bank | Gazprom PJSC | 2 | 0 |
| Deutsche Bank | China Petrochemical Corp | 2 | 0 |
| Deutsche Bank | ConocoPhillips | 2 | 0 |
| Deutsche Bank | Korea Electric Power Corp | 2 | 0 |
| Deutsche Bank | Cheniere Energy Inc | 1 | 0 |
| Deutsche Bank | Freeport LNG Development LP | 1 | 0 |
| Deutsche Bank | EOG Resources Inc | 1 | 0 |
| Societe Generale | TotalEnergies SE | 21 | 9 |
| Societe Generale | BP PLC | 19 | 4 |
| Societe Generale | China Petrochemical Corp | 19 | 0 |
| Societe Generale | Exxon Mobil Corp | 16 | 0 |
| Societe Generale | Energy Transfer LP | 15 | 14 |
| Societe Generale | Cheniere Energy Inc | 15 | 4 |
| Societe Generale | Eni SpA | 13 | 6 |
| Societe Generale | Saudi Arabian Oil Co | 9 | 0 |
| Societe Generale | Chevron Corp | 9 | 0 |
| Societe Generale | Repsol SA | 6 | 1 |
| Societe Generale | Sempra | 6 | 0 |
| Societe Generale | ConocoPhillips | 4 | 0 |
| Societe Generale | GreenSaif Pipelines Topco Sarl | 3 | 3 |
| Societe Generale | Glencore PLC | 3 | 0 |
| Societe Generale | EOG Resources Inc | 3 | 0 |
| Societe Generale | Petroleos Mexicanos | 2 | 0 |
| Societe Generale | Abu Dhabi National Oil Co | 2 | 0 |
| Societe Generale | Equinor ASA | 2 | 0 |
| Societe Generale | Freeport LNG Development LP | 1 | 0 |
| Societe Generale | Shell PLC | 1 | 0 |
| Societe Generale | Petroleo Brasileiro SA | 1 | 0 |
| Credit Agricole | Energy Transfer LP | 32 | 14 |
| Credit Agricole | BP PLC | 17 | 1 |
| Credit Agricole | Exxon Mobil Corp | 17 | 0 |
| Credit Agricole | Cheniere Energy Inc | 16 | 5 |
| Credit Agricole | Eni SpA | 15 | 6 |
| Credit Agricole | TotalEnergies SE | 14 | 0 |
| Credit Agricole | Saudi Arabian Oil Co | 9 | 0 |
| Credit Agricole | Sempra | 8 | 2 |
| Credit Agricole | China Petrochemical Corp | 6 | 0 |
| Credit Agricole | Petroleos Mexicanos | 5 | 0 |
| Credit Agricole | Glencore PLC | 4 | 0 |
| Credit Agricole | Gazprom PJSC | 4 | 0 |
| Credit Agricole | GreenSaif Pipelines Topco Sarl | 3 | 3 |
| Credit Agricole | ConocoPhillips | 3 | 0 |
| Credit Agricole | Korea Electric Power Corp | 2 | 0 |
| Credit Agricole | Repsol SA | 2 | 0 |
| Credit Agricole | Petroleo Brasileiro SA | 2 | 0 |
| Credit Agricole | Mitsubishi Corp | 1 | 1 |
| Credit Agricole | Sumitomo Corp | 1 | 1 |
| Credit Agricole | Venture Global Inc | 1 | 1 |
| Credit Agricole | Freeport LNG Development LP | 1 | 0 |
| Credit Agricole | QatarEnergy | 1 | 0 |
| BNP Paribas | BP PLC | 20 | 1 |
| BNP Paribas | Exxon Mobil Corp | 19 | 0 |
| BNP Paribas | Eni SpA | 15 | 0 |
| BNP Paribas | Shell PLC | 13 | 1 |
| BNP Paribas | TotalEnergies SE | 10 | 0 |
| BNP Paribas | Saudi Arabian Oil Co | 10 | 0 |
| BNP Paribas | Equinor ASA | 10 | 0 |
| BNP Paribas | Sempra | 9 | 5 |
| BNP Paribas | Chevron Corp | 9 | 0 |
| BNP Paribas | Energy Transfer LP | 7 | 0 |
| BNP Paribas | Repsol SA | 6 | 0 |
| BNP Paribas | Petroleos Mexicanos | 5 | 0 |
| BNP Paribas | GreenSaif Pipelines Topco Sarl | 4 | 4 |
| BNP Paribas | Petroleo Brasileiro SA | 4 | 0 |
| BNP Paribas | ConocoPhillips | 4 | 0 |
| BNP Paribas | EOG Resources Inc | 3 | 0 |
| BNP Paribas | China Petrochemical Corp | 2 | 0 |
| BNP Paribas | Abu Dhabi National Oil Co | 2 | 0 |
| BNP Paribas | QatarEnergy | 2 | 0 |
| BNP Paribas | Sumitomo Corp | 1 | 1 |
| BNP Paribas | Glencore PLC | 1 | 0 |
| BNP Paribas | Cheniere Energy Inc | 1 | 0 |
| BNP Paribas | Gazprom PJSC | 1 | 0 |
| BBVA | Energy Transfer LP | 41 | 14 |
| BBVA | Cheniere Energy Inc | 15 | 5 |
| BBVA | Chevron Corp | 12 | 7 |
| BBVA | Petroleos Mexicanos | 12 | 1 |
| BBVA | Venture Global Inc | 11 | 11 |
| BBVA | Repsol SA | 10 | 2 |
| BBVA | Sempra | 9 | 2 |
| BBVA | Glencore PLC | 8 | 5 |
| BBVA | TotalEnergies SE | 7 | 3 |
| BBVA | ConocoPhillips | 7 | 6 |
| BBVA | Exxon Mobil Corp | 6 | 0 |
| BBVA | BP PLC | 5 | 5 |
| BBVA | Eni SpA | 4 | 3 |
| BBVA | China Petrochemical Corp | 4 | 0 |
| BBVA | Petroleo Brasileiro SA | 1 | 0 |
| BBVA | Freeport LNG Development LP | 1 | 0 |
| BBVA | EOG Resources Inc | 1 | 0 |
| Santander | BP PLC | 23 | 7 |
| Santander | Venture Global Inc | 15 | 12 |
| Santander | Cheniere Energy Inc | 14 | 5 |
| Santander | Exxon Mobil Corp | 13 | 0 |
| Santander | Glencore PLC | 12 | 7 |
| Santander | TotalEnergies SE | 12 | 6 |
| Santander | Chevron Corp | 12 | 7 |
| Santander | Petroleo Brasileiro SA | 12 | 1 |
| Santander | Petroleos Mexicanos | 9 | 1 |
| Santander | Eni SpA | 8 | 5 |
| Santander | Sempra | 8 | 3 |
| Santander | Shell PLC | 6 | 0 |
| Santander | Repsol SA | 5 | 1 |
| Santander | Freeport LNG Development LP | 1 | 0 |
| Wells Fargo | Energy Transfer LP | 40 | 15 |
| Wells Fargo | Exxon Mobil Corp | 23 | 1 |
| Wells Fargo | ConocoPhillips | 18 | 15 |
| Wells Fargo | Eni SpA | 12 | 6 |
| Wells Fargo | EOG Resources Inc | 10 | 5 |
| Wells Fargo | Cheniere Energy Inc | 9 | 4 |
| Wells Fargo | Chevron Corp | 9 | 0 |
| Wells Fargo | Venture Global Inc | 8 | 8 |
| Wells Fargo | BP PLC | 6 | 3 |
| Wells Fargo | Sempra | 5 | 2 |
| Wells Fargo | TotalEnergies SE | 3 | 3 |
| Wells Fargo | Shell PLC | 2 | 0 |
| KB Financial Group | Korea Electric Power Corp | 140 | 55 |
| Standard Chartered | Chevron Corp | 16 | 7 |
| Standard Chartered | Exxon Mobil Corp | 16 | 0 |
| Standard Chartered | Saudi Arabian Oil Co | 14 | 8 |
| Standard Chartered | BP PLC | 14 | 4 |
| Standard Chartered | Cheniere Energy Inc | 11 | 4 |
| Standard Chartered | China Petrochemical Corp | 10 | 0 |
| Standard Chartered | ConocoPhillips | 9 | 6 |
| Standard Chartered | San Miguel Corp | 8 | 3 |
| Standard Chartered | Glencore PLC | 8 | 6 |
| Standard Chartered | TotalEnergies SE | 8 | 6 |
| Standard Chartered | Adani Group | 8 | 0 |
| Standard Chartered | Eni SpA | 5 | 5 |
| Standard Chartered | Abu Dhabi National Oil Co | 3 | 1 |
| Standard Chartered | GreenSaif Pipelines Topco Sarl | 3 | 3 |
| Standard Chartered | Petroleo Brasileiro SA | 3 | 0 |
| Standard Chartered | Freeport LNG Development LP | 1 | 0 |
| Standard Chartered | Korea Electric Power Corp | 1 | 0 |
| Standard Chartered | Shell PLC | 1 | 0 |
| Standard Chartered | QatarEnergy | 1 | 0 |
| Royal Bank of Canada | Energy Transfer LP | 35 | 15 |
| Royal Bank of Canada | Exxon Mobil Corp | 17 | 3 |
| Royal Bank of Canada | Cheniere Energy Inc | 15 | 4 |
| Royal Bank of Canada | Venture Global Inc | 14 | 11 |
| Royal Bank of Canada | ConocoPhillips | 13 | 9 |
| Royal Bank of Canada | TotalEnergies SE | 12 | 3 |
| Royal Bank of Canada | Sempra | 11 | 6 |
| Royal Bank of Canada | Shell PLC | 6 | 1 |
| Royal Bank of Canada | Chevron Corp | 5 | 0 |
| Royal Bank of Canada | Saudi Arabian Oil Co | 3 | 0 |
| Royal Bank of Canada | Glencore PLC | 3 | 0 |
| Royal Bank of Canada | EOG Resources Inc | 3 | 0 |
| Royal Bank of Canada | Freeport LNG Development LP | 1 | 0 |
| Bank of Nova Scotia | Energy Transfer LP | 34 | 15 |
| Bank of Nova Scotia | Exxon Mobil Corp | 18 | 1 |
| Bank of Nova Scotia | Venture Global Inc | 15 | 12 |
| Bank of Nova Scotia | Cheniere Energy Inc | 14 | 4 |
| Bank of Nova Scotia | Glencore PLC | 12 | 8 |
| Bank of Nova Scotia | EOG Resources Inc | 10 | 5 |
| Bank of Nova Scotia | Chevron Corp | 10 | 7 |
| Bank of Nova Scotia | Petroleos Mexicanos | 8 | 1 |
| Bank of Nova Scotia | Sempra | 7 | 5 |
| Bank of Nova Scotia | Petroleo Brasileiro SA | 3 | 1 |
| Bank of Nova Scotia | Freeport LNG Development LP | 1 | 0 |
| Bank of Nova Scotia | ConocoPhillips | 1 | 0 |
| ICBC | China Petrochemical Corp | 33 | 13 |
| ICBC | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 24 | 20 |
| ICBC | Venture Global Inc | 16 | 13 |
| ICBC | BP PLC | 11 | 4 |
| ICBC | Cheniere Energy Inc | 6 | 4 |
| ICBC | Shandong Energy Group Co Ltd | 2 | 1 |
| ICBC | Shandong Energy Group Co Ltd/o | 1 | 1 |
| ICBC | GreenSaif Pipelines Topco Sarl | 1 | 1 |
| ICBC | Shell PLC | 1 | 0 |
| ICBC | Freeport LNG Development LP | 1 | 0 |
| ICBC | Chevron Corp | 1 | 0 |
| US Bancorp | Energy Transfer LP | 39 | 15 |
| US Bancorp | Exxon Mobil Corp | 20 | 1 |
| US Bancorp | Chevron Corp | 12 | 7 |
| US Bancorp | ConocoPhillips | 10 | 9 |
| US Bancorp | EOG Resources Inc | 9 | 5 |
| US Bancorp | Sempra | 6 | 2 |
| BPCE | Energy Transfer LP | 29 | 11 |
| BPCE | Venture Global Inc | 15 | 12 |
| BPCE | Cheniere Energy Inc | 10 | 4 |
| BPCE | TotalEnergies SE | 9 | 5 |
| BPCE | Saudi Arabian Oil Co | 8 | 8 |
| BPCE | Eni SpA | 8 | 5 |
| BPCE | Repsol SA | 6 | 2 |
| BPCE | GreenSaif Pipelines Topco Sarl | 3 | 3 |
| BPCE | Exxon Mobil Corp | 2 | 0 |
| BPCE | Gazprom PJSC | 1 | 0 |
| BPCE | Shell PLC | 1 | 0 |
| BPCE | Freeport LNG Development LP | 1 | 0 |
| BPCE | Petroleos Mexicanos | 1 | 0 |
| UBS | China Petrochemical Corp | 18 | 0 |
| UBS | Glencore PLC | 12 | 6 |
| UBS | Energy Transfer LP | 12 | 0 |
| UBS | Woodside Energy Group Ltd | 9 | 6 |
| UBS | Exxon Mobil Corp | 6 | 2 |
| UBS | Korea Electric Power Corp | 5 | 1 |
| UBS | Repsol SA | 4 | 1 |
| UBS | TotalEnergies SE | 3 | 0 |
| UBS | EOG Resources Inc | 3 | 0 |
| UBS | Petroleo Brasileiro SA - Petro | 2 | 2 |
| UBS | Petroleo Brasileiro SA | 2 | 1 |
| UBS | Gazprom PJSC | 2 | 0 |
| UBS | BP PLC | 2 | 0 |
| UBS | Sempra | 2 | 0 |
| UBS | Equinor ASA | 2 | 0 |
| UBS | Cheniere Energy Inc | 1 | 1 |
| UBS | San Miguel Corp | 1 | 0 |
| UBS | Petroleos Mexicanos | 1 | 0 |
| UBS | Shell PLC | 1 | 0 |
| UBS | Eni SpA | 1 | 0 |
| Bank of China | China Petrochemical Corp | 34 | 11 |
| Bank of China | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 20 | 18 |
| Bank of China | Saudi Arabian Oil Co | 17 | 8 |
| Bank of China | Shandong Energy Group Co Ltd | 9 | 8 |
| Bank of China | GreenSaif Pipelines Topco Sarl | 3 | 3 |
| Bank of China | Petroleo Brasileiro SA | 1 | 0 |
| China Merchants Bank | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 52 | 42 |
| China Merchants Bank | Shandong Energy Group Co Ltd | 19 | 14 |
| China Merchants Bank | China Petrochemical Corp | 13 | 3 |
| CITIC Group | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 44 | 42 |
| CITIC Group | Shandong Energy Group Co Ltd | 37 | 27 |
| CITIC Group | China Petrochemical Corp | 2 | 0 |
| Toronto Dominion | Energy Transfer LP | 40 | 15 |
| Toronto Dominion | ConocoPhillips | 18 | 15 |
| Toronto Dominion | Glencore PLC | 8 | 5 |
| Toronto Dominion | BP PLC | 7 | 5 |
| Toronto Dominion | Sempra | 5 | 2 |
| Toronto Dominion | Exxon Mobil Corp | 4 | 1 |
| NongHyup Financial Group | Korea Electric Power Corp | 77 | 4 |
| Gazprombank | Gazprom PJSC | 74 | 36 |
| Kyobo Securities | Korea Electric Power Corp | 71 | 16 |
| SK Group | Korea Electric Power Corp | 69 | 22 |
| Intesa Sanpaolo | Eni SpA | 22 | 11 |
| Intesa Sanpaolo | Exxon Mobil Corp | 13 | 0 |
| Intesa Sanpaolo | Cheniere Energy Inc | 11 | 5 |
| Intesa Sanpaolo | Chevron Corp | 10 | 7 |
| Intesa Sanpaolo | Gazprom PJSC | 5 | 0 |
| Intesa Sanpaolo | TotalEnergies SE | 2 | 0 |
| Intesa Sanpaolo | Energy Transfer LP | 2 | 0 |
| Intesa Sanpaolo | ConocoPhillips | 2 | 0 |
| Intesa Sanpaolo | Freeport LNG Development LP | 1 | 0 |
| CIBC | Energy Transfer LP | 27 | 14 |
| CIBC | Cheniere Energy Inc | 11 | 5 |
| CIBC | EOG Resources Inc | 10 | 5 |
| CIBC | Glencore PLC | 6 | 5 |
| CIBC | Exxon Mobil Corp | 5 | 1 |
| CIBC | Sempra | 3 | 3 |
| CIBC | Freeport LNG Development LP | 1 | 0 |
| CIBC | ConocoPhillips | 1 | 0 |
| KR Investment & Securities | Korea Electric Power Corp | 63 | 61 |
| PNC | Energy Transfer LP | 41 | 15 |
| PNC | EOG Resources Inc | 9 | 5 |
| PNC | Sempra | 7 | 5 |
| PNC | Exxon Mobil Corp | 5 | 1 |
| PNC | ConocoPhillips | 1 | 0 |
| Bank of Ningbo | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 56 | 52 |
| Bank of Ningbo | China Petrochemical Corp | 4 | 3 |
| ING Group | Venture Global Inc | 15 | 12 |
| ING Group | Cheniere Energy Inc | 14 | 5 |
| ING Group | Eni SpA | 9 | 5 |
| ING Group | Glencore PLC | 6 | 4 |
| ING Group | China Petrochemical Corp | 6 | 0 |
| ING Group | San Miguel Corp | 3 | 0 |
| ING Group | BP PLC | 2 | 2 |
| ING Group | Energy Transfer LP | 2 | 0 |
| ING Group | Freeport LNG Development LP | 1 | 0 |
| ING Group | ConocoPhillips | 1 | 0 |
| Ping An Bank | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 34 | 27 |
| Ping An Bank | Shandong Energy Group Co Ltd | 21 | 17 |
| Ping An Bank | China Petrochemical Corp | 2 | 2 |
| Bookook Securities | Korea Electric Power Corp | 56 | 22 |
| DB Financial Investment | Korea Electric Power Corp | 55 | 20 |
| Bank of Shanghai | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 54 | 46 |
| NatWest | BP PLC | 13 | 4 |
| NatWest | Energy Transfer LP | 9 | 0 |
| NatWest | Repsol SA | 5 | 0 |
| NatWest | Glencore PLC | 4 | 0 |
| NatWest | Equinor ASA | 4 | 0 |
| NatWest | Eni SpA | 3 | 0 |
| NatWest | TotalEnergies SE | 3 | 0 |
| NatWest | ConocoPhillips | 3 | 0 |
| NatWest | Shell PLC | 3 | 0 |
| NatWest | Sempra | 2 | 0 |
| NatWest | Exxon Mobil Corp | 1 | 0 |
| NatWest | Petroleos Mexicanos | 1 | 0 |
| NatWest | QatarEnergy | 1 | 0 |
| Loop Capital Markets LLC | Exxon Mobil Corp | 13 | 0 |
| Loop Capital Markets LLC | Chevron Corp | 12 | 7 |
| Loop Capital Markets LLC | Cheniere Energy Inc | 11 | 5 |
| Loop Capital Markets LLC | Venture Global Inc | 11 | 11 |
| Loop Capital Markets LLC | Sempra | 4 | 1 |
| Hanyang Securities | Korea Electric Power Corp | 51 | 24 |
| China Construction Bank | China Petrochemical Corp | 29 | 10 |
| China Construction Bank | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 11 | 8 |
| China Construction Bank | Shandong Energy Group Co Ltd | 4 | 4 |
| China Construction Bank | GreenSaif Pipelines Topco Sarl | 3 | 3 |
| China Construction Bank | Shandong Energy Group Co Ltd/o | 2 | 2 |
| Shanghai Pudong Development Bank | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 45 | 39 |
| Shanghai Pudong Development Bank | Shandong Energy Group Co Ltd | 4 | 3 |
| CAPE Investment & Securities | Korea Electric Power Corp | 48 | 29 |
| Unicredit | Eni SpA | 31 | 12 |
| Unicredit | TotalEnergies SE | 6 | 3 |
| Unicredit | Repsol SA | 5 | 3 |
| Unicredit | Chevron Corp | 3 | 0 |
| Unicredit | Gazprom PJSC | 2 | 0 |
| Korea Investment Holdings | Korea Electric Power Corp | 47 | 15 |
| Bank of Montreal | Energy Transfer LP | 24 | 14 |
| Bank of Montreal | Glencore PLC | 7 | 5 |
| Bank of Montreal | EOG Resources Inc | 5 | 0 |
| Bank of Montreal | Exxon Mobil Corp | 4 | 0 |
| Bank of Montreal | Sempra | 2 | 1 |
| Bank of Montreal | Freeport LNG Development LP | 1 | 0 |
| DBS Bank | China Petrochemical Corp | 13 | 0 |
| DBS Bank | Cheniere Energy Inc | 10 | 5 |
| DBS Bank | Adani Group | 7 | 0 |
| DBS Bank | Glencore PLC | 6 | 6 |
| DBS Bank | San Miguel Corp | 3 | 2 |
| EBEST Investment & Securities | Korea Electric Power Corp | 39 | 2 |
| Mirae Asset | Korea Electric Power Corp | 38 | 4 |
| Norwegian Banking Group | ConocoPhillips | 13 | 9 |
| Norwegian Banking Group | Energy Transfer LP | 12 | 0 |
| Norwegian Banking Group | Equinor ASA | 5 | 0 |
| Norwegian Banking Group | Eni SpA | 4 | 3 |
| Norwegian Banking Group | EOG Resources Inc | 3 | 0 |
| Norwegian Banking Group | Exxon Mobil Corp | 1 | 0 |
| Agricultural Bank of China | China Petrochemical Corp | 24 | 12 |
| Agricultural Bank of China | Shandong Energy Group Co Ltd | 7 | 5 |
| Agricultural Bank of China | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 4 | 4 |
| Agricultural Bank of China | GreenSaif Pipelines Topco Sarl | 2 | 2 |
| Agricultural Bank of China | Shandong Energy Group Co Ltd/o | 1 | 1 |
| China Everbright Bank | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 30 | 27 |
| China Everbright Bank | Shandong Energy Group Co Ltd | 7 | 7 |
| Hanwha Investment & Securities | Korea Electric Power Corp | 35 | 0 |
| Truist Financial Corporation | Energy Transfer LP | 19 | 15 |
| Truist Financial Corporation | EOG Resources Inc | 5 | 5 |
| Truist Financial Corporation | Exxon Mobil Corp | 4 | 1 |
| Truist Financial Corporation | Venture Global Inc | 3 | 3 |
| Truist Financial Corporation | Cheniere Energy Inc | 2 | 2 |
| Truist Financial Corporation | Sempra | 1 | 1 |
| Hyundai Motor Group | Korea Electric Power Corp | 33 | 21 |
| Commerzbank | BP PLC | 18 | 3 |
| Commerzbank | Glencore PLC | 9 | 5 |
| Commerzbank | Repsol SA | 3 | 1 |
| Commerzbank | Petroleo Brasileiro SA | 1 | 0 |
| Commerzbank | Gazprom PJSC | 1 | 0 |
| HI Investment & Securities | Korea Electric Power Corp | 29 | 1 |
| Zhongtai Securities | Shandong Energy Group Co Ltd | 25 | 17 |
| Zhongtai Securities | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 3 | 3 |
| Fifth Third Bank | Energy Transfer LP | 27 | 14 |
| Nomura | Marubeni Corp | 9 | 3 |
| Nomura | Mitsubishi Corp | 8 | 5 |
| Nomura | Sumitomo Corp | 7 | 2 |
| Nomura | Venture Global Inc | 2 | 2 |
| Nomura | Korea Electric Power Corp | 1 | 1 |
| Heungkuk Securities | Korea Electric Power Corp | 27 | 24 |
| Regions Financial Corporation | Energy Transfer LP | 19 | 15 |
| Regions Financial Corporation | Venture Global Inc | 7 | 7 |
| Lloyds Bank | BP PLC | 15 | 3 |
| Lloyds Bank | Cheniere Energy Inc | 4 | 0 |
| Lloyds Bank | Shell PLC | 2 | 0 |
| Lloyds Bank | ConocoPhillips | 2 | 0 |
| Lloyds Bank | Glencore PLC | 2 | 0 |
| Lloyds Bank | Freeport LNG Development LP | 1 | 0 |
| Shinhan Financial Group | Korea Electric Power Corp | 25 | 2 |
| Daiwa | Sumitomo Corp | 11 | 3 |
| Daiwa | Mitsubishi Corp | 8 | 6 |
| Daiwa | Marubeni Corp | 4 | 1 |
| Daiwa | Korea Electric Power Corp | 1 | 0 |
| Daiwa | ConocoPhillips | 1 | 0 |
| Standard Bank of South Africa | Exxon Mobil Corp | 13 | 0 |
| Standard Bank of South Africa | Chevron Corp | 11 | 7 |
| China International Capital Corporation | Shandong Energy Group Co Ltd | 19 | 17 |
| China International Capital Corporation | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 3 | 3 |
| China International Capital Corporation | China Petrochemical Corp | 2 | 0 |
| Korea Asset Investment Securities | Korea Electric Power Corp | 24 | 2 |
| Industrial Bank | Shandong Energy Group Co Ltd | 11 | 11 |
| Industrial Bank | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 9 | 9 |
| Industrial Bank | China Petrochemical Corp | 3 | 3 |
| First Abu Dhabi Bank | Saudi Arabian Oil Co | 14 | 8 |
| First Abu Dhabi Bank | Abu Dhabi National Oil Co | 6 | 4 |
| First Abu Dhabi Bank | GreenSaif Pipelines Topco Sarl | 3 | 3 |
| Sberbank | Gazprom PJSC | 23 | 0 |
| GF Securities | Shandong Energy Group Co Ltd | 20 | 17 |
| GF Securities | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 1 | 1 |
| GF Securities | China Petrochemical Corp | 1 | 0 |
| Academy Securities Inc | ConocoPhillips | 8 | 8 |
| Academy Securities Inc | Sempra | 4 | 2 |
| Academy Securities Inc | Exxon Mobil Corp | 4 | 0 |
| Academy Securities Inc | Venture Global Inc | 3 | 3 |
| Academy Securities Inc | BP PLC | 3 | 3 |
| ANZ Group | Chevron Corp | 5 | 0 |
| ANZ Group | BP PLC | 5 | 0 |
| ANZ Group | Glencore PLC | 4 | 3 |
| ANZ Group | China Petrochemical Corp | 3 | 0 |
| ANZ Group | San Miguel Corp | 2 | 2 |
| ANZ Group | TotalEnergies SE | 1 | 0 |
| ANZ Group | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 1 | 0 |
| ANZ Group | EOG Resources Inc | 1 | 0 |
| Bank of Communications | China Petrochemical Corp | 16 | 4 |
| Bank of Communications | Shandong Energy Group Co Ltd | 4 | 3 |
| Bank of Communications | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 1 | 1 |
| VTB Capital | Gazprom PJSC | 21 | 1 |
| Meritz Securities | Korea Electric Power Corp | 21 | 6 |
| Daishin Securities | Korea Electric Power Corp | 20 | 3 |
| Trust Capital Services (India) Private Limited | Adani Group | 19 | 19 |
| BNK Financial Group | Korea Electric Power Corp | 19 | 3 |
| Emirates NBD | Saudi Arabian Oil Co | 10 | 8 |
| Emirates NBD | Adani Group | 7 | 0 |
| Emirates NBD | Abu Dhabi National Oil Co | 1 | 1 |
| Industrial Bank of Korea | Korea Electric Power Corp | 18 | 0 |
| Samsung Life Insurance | Korea Electric Power Corp | 18 | 0 |
| Abu Dhabi Commercial Bank | Saudi Arabian Oil Co | 10 | 8 |
| Abu Dhabi Commercial Bank | Abu Dhabi National Oil Co | 4 | 4 |
| Abu Dhabi Commercial Bank | GreenSaif Pipelines Topco Sarl | 3 | 3 |
| Comerica Securities | Energy Transfer LP | 9 | 1 |
| Comerica Securities | EOG Resources Inc | 5 | 0 |
| Comerica Securities | Exxon Mobil Corp | 2 | 0 |
| China Banking Corporation | San Miguel Corp | 16 | 2 |
| BDO Capital & Investment | San Miguel Corp | 16 | 2 |
| Bank of Beijing | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 12 | 11 |
| Bank of Beijing | Shandong Energy Group Co Ltd | 4 | 4 |
| Nuvama Wealth Management | Adani Group | 16 | 16 |
| Daol Financial Group | Korea Electric Power Corp | 15 | 4 |
| Baro Investment & Securities | Korea Electric Power Corp | 15 | 0 |
| Eugene Investment & Securities | Korea Electric Power Corp | 15 | 8 |
| R Seelaus & Co | Venture Global Inc | 9 | 9 |
| R Seelaus & Co | Sempra | 3 | 1 |
| R Seelaus & Co | BP PLC | 2 | 2 |
| R Seelaus & Co | Cheniere Energy Inc | 1 | 1 |
| ABN Amro | Cheniere Energy Inc | 7 | 0 |
| ABN Amro | Gazprom PJSC | 2 | 0 |
| ABN Amro | Glencore PLC | 1 | 0 |
| ABN Amro | Petroleo Brasileiro SA | 1 | 0 |
| ABN Amro | QatarEnergy | 1 | 0 |
| ABN Amro | Korea Electric Power Corp | 1 | 0 |
| ABN Amro | ConocoPhillips | 1 | 0 |
| ABN Amro | Eni SpA | 1 | 0 |
| Security Bank Corporation | San Miguel Corp | 14 | 2 |
| BK Region | Gazprom PJSC | 14 | 11 |
| Guotai Haitong Securities | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 10 | 10 |
| Guotai Haitong Securities | Shandong Energy Group Co Ltd | 3 | 3 |
| Guotai Haitong Securities | Shandong Energy Group Co Ltd/o | 1 | 1 |
| Philippine National Bank | San Miguel Corp | 14 | 2 |
| Piper Sandler Companies | Energy Transfer LP | 7 | 0 |
| Piper Sandler Companies | Exxon Mobil Corp | 2 | 0 |
| Piper Sandler Companies | ConocoPhillips | 2 | 0 |
| Piper Sandler Companies | EOG Resources Inc | 1 | 0 |
| Piper Sandler Companies | Sempra | 1 | 0 |
| Bank of the Philippine Islands | San Miguel Corp | 13 | 2 |
| Banco Itau | Petroleo Brasileiro SA | 13 | 1 |
| Shinyoung Securities | Korea Electric Power Corp | 13 | 5 |
| DS Investment & Securities | Korea Electric Power Corp | 13 | 5 |
| Siebert Williams Shank & Co LL | Exxon Mobil Corp | 9 | 0 |
| Siebert Williams Shank & Co LL | BP PLC | 2 | 2 |
| Siebert Williams Shank & Co LL | Sempra | 2 | 2 |
| Leading Investment & Securities | Korea Electric Power Corp | 13 | 8 |
| Bank of Hangzhou | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 13 | 13 |
| Robinson Humphrey | Energy Transfer LP | 9 | 0 |
| Robinson Humphrey | EOG Resources Inc | 2 | 0 |
| Robinson Humphrey | Exxon Mobil Corp | 1 | 0 |
| Riyad Capital | Saudi Arabian Oil Co | 9 | 6 |
| Riyad Capital | GreenSaif Pipelines Topco Sarl | 3 | 3 |
| RCBC Capital | San Miguel Corp | 12 | 2 |
| Commonwealth Bank of Australia | Cheniere Energy Inc | 6 | 0 |
| Commonwealth Bank of Australia | China Petrochemical Corp | 4 | 0 |
| Commonwealth Bank of Australia | Glencore PLC | 1 | 0 |
| Bank of Jiangsu | China Petrochemical Corp | 8 | 8 |
| Bank of Jiangsu | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 3 | 3 |
| Banco Bradesco | Petroleo Brasileiro SA | 10 | 1 |
| Raymond James & Associates | Venture Global Inc | 6 | 6 |
| Raymond James & Associates | Cheniere Energy Inc | 2 | 1 |
| Raymond James & Associates | Energy Transfer LP | 1 | 0 |
| Raymond James & Associates | Exxon Mobil Corp | 1 | 0 |
| National Bank of Canada | Venture Global Inc | 10 | 10 |
| Philippine Commercial Capital | San Miguel Corp | 10 | 2 |
| Yuanta Securities Korea | Korea Electric Power Corp | 9 | 3 |
| Hana Financial Group | Korea Electric Power Corp | 9 | 0 |
| Rosselkhozbank OJSC | Gazprom PJSC | 9 | 9 |
| Nomura | Venture Global Inc | 4 | 1 |
| Nomura | Korea Electric Power Corp | 2 | 0 |
| Nomura | Eni SpA | 2 | 0 |
| Nomura | China Petrochemical Corp | 1 | 0 |
| Tipsons Consultancy Services | Adani Group | 9 | 9 |
| Zheshang Securities | Shandong Energy Group Co Ltd | 9 | 6 |
| China Development Bank | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 7 | 6 |
| China Development Bank | China Petrochemical Corp | 2 | 2 |
| Postal Savings Bank of China | Shandong Energy Group Co Ltd | 5 | 3 |
| Postal Savings Bank of China | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 4 | 1 |
| Saudi National Bank | Saudi Arabian Oil Co | 8 | 6 |
| Renaissance Capital Group | Gazprom PJSC | 8 | 0 |
| United Overseas Bank | China Petrochemical Corp | 8 | 0 |
| Mediobanca | Eni SpA | 7 | 3 |
| Mediobanca | Repsol SA | 1 | 1 |
| DZ Bank | Venture Global Inc | 8 | 8 |
| China Minsheng Banking Corp | China Petrochemical Corp | 7 | 4 |
| China Minsheng Banking Corp | Shandong Energy Group Co Ltd | 1 | 1 |
| National Australia Bank | Cheniere Energy Inc | 6 | 1 |
| National Australia Bank | Freeport LNG Development LP | 1 | 0 |
| National Australia Bank | Glencore PLC | 1 | 0 |
| AK Capital Services Ltd | Adani Group | 8 | 8 |
| Essence Securities | Shandong Energy Group Co Ltd | 4 | 3 |
| Essence Securities | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 3 | 3 |
| Asia United Bank | San Miguel Corp | 7 | 2 |
| Sinara Group | Gazprom PJSC | 7 | 7 |
| Everbright Securities | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 7 | 5 |
| CaixaBank | Repsol SA | 6 | 1 |
| CaixaBank | Cheniere Energy Inc | 1 | 1 |
| China Galaxy Securities | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 5 | 5 |
| China Galaxy Securities | Shandong Energy Group Co Ltd | 1 | 0 |
| China Galaxy Securities | China Petrochemical Corp | 1 | 0 |
| Great Wall Securities | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 4 | 4 |
| Great Wall Securities | Shandong Energy Group Co Ltd | 3 | 2 |
| Bank DOM.RF | Gazprom PJSC | 7 | 7 |
| Saudi Fransi Capital | Saudi Arabian Oil Co | 6 | 3 |
| Bank of New York Mellon | Exxon Mobil Corp | 5 | 0 |
| Bank of New York Mellon | Sempra | 1 | 0 |
| Banco do Brasil | Petroleo Brasileiro SA | 6 | 0 |
| Voya Financial | Glencore PLC | 3 | 1 |
| Voya Financial | Cheniere Energy Inc | 2 | 0 |
| Voya Financial | Eni SpA | 1 | 0 |
| Penserra Securities | BP PLC | 4 | 4 |
| Penserra Securities | Sempra | 2 | 2 |
| Greenwich Capital | Exxon Mobil Corp | 3 | 0 |
| Greenwich Capital | Energy Transfer LP | 1 | 0 |
| Greenwich Capital | Glencore PLC | 1 | 0 |
| Greenwich Capital | ConocoPhillips | 1 | 0 |
| Huatai United Securities | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 5 | 5 |
| Huatai United Securities | Shandong Energy Group Co Ltd | 1 | 1 |
| HMC Investment Securities | Korea Electric Power Corp | 6 | 0 |
| Huaxia Bank | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 3 | 3 |
| Huaxia Bank | Shandong Energy Group Co Ltd | 2 | 1 |
| Huaxia Bank | China Petrochemical Corp | 1 | 0 |
| China Guangfa Bank | Shandong Energy Group Co Ltd | 6 | 6 |
| Great Pacific Securities | Sempra | 5 | 2 |
| Gulf International Bank | Saudi Arabian Oil Co | 5 | 0 |
| Kiwoom Securities | Korea Electric Power Corp | 5 | 0 |
| Citizens Capital Markets | Energy Transfer LP | 4 | 1 |
| Citizens Capital Markets | Exxon Mobil Corp | 1 | 0 |
| Kakao Pay | Korea Electric Power Corp | 5 | 0 |
| Bank of Commerce | San Miguel Corp | 5 | 2 |
| Dubai Islamic Bank | Saudi Arabian Oil Co | 4 | 2 |
| Dubai Islamic Bank | Abu Dhabi National Oil Co | 1 | 1 |
| CAVU Securities LLC | BP PLC | 4 | 4 |
| CAVU Securities LLC | Sempra | 1 | 1 |
| M&T Securities | EOG Resources Inc | 5 | 5 |
| Qatar National Bank | QatarEnergy | 5 | 0 |
| Bank of Nanjing | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 3 | 3 |
| Bank of Nanjing | China Petrochemical Corp | 1 | 1 |
| Wolfe Research | Sempra | 4 | 2 |
| Al-Rajhi Bank | Saudi Arabian Oil Co | 4 | 2 |
| Lazard | Exxon Mobil Corp | 4 | 0 |
| Shenwan Hongyuan Securities | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 2 | 2 |
| Shenwan Hongyuan Securities | Shandong Energy Group Co Ltd | 2 | 2 |
| Lebenthal & Co | Exxon Mobil Corp | 3 | 0 |
| Lebenthal & Co | Sempra | 1 | 0 |
| Capital One | Energy Transfer LP | 3 | 1 |
| Capital One | Exxon Mobil Corp | 1 | 0 |
| Jefferies & Co | Exxon Mobil Corp | 3 | 0 |
| Jefferies & Co | Peabody Energy Corp | 1 | 0 |
| MFR Securities | Sempra | 4 | 1 |
| Cinda Securities Ltd | Shandong Energy Group Co Ltd | 3 | 3 |
| Cinda Securities Ltd | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 1 | 1 |
| Okasan Securities | Marubeni Corp | 4 | 2 |
| Bancroft Capital | BP PLC | 4 | 4 |
| Shinkin Securities | Marubeni Corp | 4 | 2 |
| GIB Capital | Saudi Arabian Oil Co | 4 | 3 |
| Guosen Securities | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 2 | 1 |
| Guosen Securities | Shandong Energy Group Co Ltd | 2 | 2 |
| Alinma Investment | Saudi Arabian Oil Co | 4 | 1 |
| Blaylock & Partners | BP PLC | 2 | 2 |
| Blaylock & Partners | Sempra | 2 | 0 |
| Bank Albilad | Saudi Arabian Oil Co | 4 | 2 |
| Samuel A Ramirez & Co | Sempra | 4 | 0 |
| KeyBanc Capital Markets | Energy Transfer LP | 4 | 0 |
| Tianfeng Securities | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 3 | 2 |
| Banco Safra | Petroleo Brasileiro SA | 3 | 0 |
| BOK Financial Corporation | Energy Transfer LP | 2 | 0 |
| BOK Financial Corporation | Exxon Mobil Corp | 1 | 0 |
| Golden Bridge Investment & Securities | Korea Electric Power Corp | 3 | 0 |
| Westpac | Chevron Corp | 3 | 0 |
| Credit Bank of Moscow | Gazprom PJSC | 3 | 0 |
| Cabrera Capital Markets | Sempra | 3 | 1 |
| KFH Capital Investment Co | Saudi Arabian Oil Co | 2 | 0 |
| KFH Capital Investment Co | Abu Dhabi National Oil Co | 1 | 1 |
| Arab National Bank | Saudi Arabian Oil Co | 3 | 3 |
| China Post Securities Co Ltd | Shandong Energy Group Co Ltd | 3 | 0 |
| Sangsangin Investment & Securities | Korea Electric Power Corp | 3 | 3 |
| Danske Bank | Eni SpA | 2 | 2 |
| Danske Bank | BP PLC | 1 | 0 |
| BB Banco De Investimentos SA | Petroleo Brasileiro SA | 3 | 0 |
| Axis Bank | Adani Group | 3 | 0 |
| BT Securities | Korea Electric Power Corp | 3 | 0 |
| Sharjah Islamic Bank | Saudi Arabian Oil Co | 2 | 2 |
| Sharjah Islamic Bank | Abu Dhabi National Oil Co | 1 | 1 |
| Huaxi Securities | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 2 | 1 |
| Evergrowing Bank | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 1 | 1 |
| Evergrowing Bank | Shandong Energy Group Co Ltd | 1 | 1 |
| China Zheshang Bank | Shandong Energy Group Co Ltd | 1 | 1 |
| China Zheshang Bank | China Petrochemical Corp | 1 | 1 |
| Roberts & Ryan Investments | Sempra | 2 | 2 |
| Banco BPM | Eni SpA | 2 | 2 |
| AlJazira Capital | Saudi Arabian Oil Co | 2 | 0 |
| Evercore Group | Sempra | 2 | 1 |
| Skandinaviska Enskilda Banken | ConocoPhillips | 2 | 0 |
| Bohai Securities | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 2 | 0 |
| Industrial Securities | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 2 | 2 |
| LS Group | Korea Electric Power Corp | 2 | 2 |
| Beijing Docvit Law Firm | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 2 | 2 |
| Caida Securities | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 2 | 2 |
| Sovcombank ICB JSC | Gazprom PJSC | 2 | 0 |
| BTG Pactual | Petroleo Brasileiro SA | 2 | 1 |
| Saudi Investment Bank | Saudi Arabian Oil Co | 2 | 0 |
| S&T Bancorp | Eni SpA | 2 | 0 |
| E*trade Korea Co Ltd | Korea Electric Power Corp | 2 | 0 |
| Kuwait Finance House | Saudi Arabian Oil Co | 2 | 2 |
| Export-Import Bank of China | China Petrochemical Corp | 2 | 2 |
| Mischler Financial Group | Sempra | 2 | 2 |
| National Bank of Kuwait | Saudi Arabian Oil Co | 2 | 0 |
| XP Investimentos | Petroleo Brasileiro SA | 2 | 0 |
| TongYang Group | Korea Electric Power Corp | 2 | 0 |
| Orient Securities | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 2 | 1 |
| Sealand Securities | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 2 | 0 |
| Eni | Eni SpA | 2 | 0 |
| ABC International Holding | China Petrochemical Corp | 2 | 0 |
| JSCB Rosbank | Gazprom PJSC | 1 | 0 |
| GPB Financial Services | Gazprom PJSC | 1 | 0 |
| Banco Votorantim | Petroleo Brasileiro SA | 1 | 0 |
| ZTF Securities | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 1 | 0 |
| Russian Development Bank | Gazprom PJSC | 1 | 1 |
| Boston Consulting Group | Chevron Corp | 1 | 0 |
| Banco Sabadell | Repsol SA | 1 | 1 |
| CBA Securities LLC | Cheniere Energy Inc | 1 | 0 |
| Zions Bancorporation | Energy Transfer LP | 1 | 1 |
| Changjiang Securities | Shandong Energy Group Co Ltd | 1 | 1 |
| China Development Bank Securit | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 1 | 1 |
| Bank of Qingdao | Shandong Energy Group Co Ltd | 1 | 1 |
| United Coconut Planters Bank | San Miguel Corp | 1 | 0 |
| Siebert Capital Group | Sempra | 1 | 0 |
| Corporación Actinver | Petroleos Mexicanos | 1 | 0 |
| First Citizens Bank & Trust | Cheniere Energy Inc | 1 | 1 |
| Arab Banking Corp | GreenSaif Pipelines Topco Sarl | 1 | 1 |
| First Metro Investment Corporation | San Miguel Corp | 1 | 0 |
| Abu Dhabi Islamic Bank | Abu Dhabi National Oil Co | 1 | 1 |
| Sinolink Securities | Shandong Energy Group Co Ltd | 1 | 1 |
| Tokai Tokyo Securities | Marubeni Corp | 1 | 1 |
| CIT Capital Securities LLC | Cheniere Energy Inc | 1 | 0 |
| Amerivet Securities | Sempra | 1 | 1 |
| Huishang Bank | China Petrochemical Corp | 1 | 1 |
| Allianz Global Investors | Cheniere Energy Inc | 1 | 0 |
| Hypovereinsbank | Equinor ASA | 1 | 0 |
| MR Beal & Co | Sempra | 1 | 0 |
| Dongsuh International America | Korea Electric Power Corp | 1 | 0 |
| Banco Mercantil del Norte | Petroleos Mexicanos | 1 | 0 |
| Maybank ATR Kim Eng | San Miguel Corp | 1 | 0 |
| JZ Securities | China Petrochemical Corp | 1 | 0 |
| Ssangyong Securities | Korea Electric Power Corp | 1 | 0 |
| Nationsbanc Montgomery Securities | Exxon Mobil Corp | 1 | 0 |
| Drexel Hamilton | Sempra | 1 | 0 |
| Wirtschafts -und Privatbank | Sempra | 1 | 0 |
| China Bohai Bank | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 1 | 1 |
| Woori Financial Group | Korea Electric Power Corp | 1 | 0 |
| State Bank of India | Adani Group | 1 | 0 |
| SBI Holdings | Marubeni Corp | 1 | 1 |
| Telsey Advisory Group | Sempra | 1 | 0 |
| Harris Nesbitt | Exxon Mobil Corp | 1 | 0 |
| Bridge Securities | Korea Electric Power Corp | 1 | 0 |
| Korea Development Bank | Korea Electric Power Corp | 1 | 0 |
| Minsheng Securities | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 1 | 0 |
| Hengtai Changcai Securities | State Power Investment Corp Lt | 1 | 0 |
DISCLAIMER: Reclaim Finance estime que les informations communiquées proviennent de sources fiables et a tout mis en œuvre pour s’assurer de leur exactitude et de la pertinence de l’analyse des données. Toutefois, Reclaim Finance ne garantit pas l’exactitude, l’exhaustivité ou la justesse des informations ou analyses et, en tout état de cause, décline toute responsabilité quant à l’utilisation de ces informations ou analyses par des tiers. Vous pouvez nous contacter à l’adresse research@reclaimfinance.org si vous estimez que nos données contiennent des inexactitudes. Nous mettrons tout en œuvre pour y remédier et apporter les corrections nécessaires.
Tendances clés
Recommandations
Les banques jouent un rôle important dans la souscription et la facilitation des émissions obligataires. Dans un contexte d’urgence climatique, elles doivent s’abstenir d’apporter ce soutien essentiel aux entreprises tant que celles-ci continuent à développer de nouveaux projets liés aux énergies fossiles.
Pour cesser de contribuer à l’expansion des énergies fossiles, les banques doivent :
- Adopter une politique qui mette fin au financement corporate des entreprises impliquées dans l’expansion du charbon et/ou des secteurs amont et intermédiaire du pétrole et du gaz. Une telle politique devrait également limiter le soutien financier aux entreprises impliquées dans le développement de nouvelles centrales à gaz. Cette politique devrait s’appliquer à la fois aux prêts et aux activités de marché des capitaux.
- Mettre en œuvre des objectifs de décarbonation adéquats afin de réduire, puis d’éliminer progressivement, tout financement des énergies fossiles. Ces objectifs doivent couvrir tous les services financiers importants fournis aux entreprises impliquées dans l’ensemble des segments de la chaîne de valeur des énergies fossiles. Les objectifs doivent différencier les sous-secteurs des énergies fossiles, avec pour chacun d’entre eux une trajectoire de réduction claire (c’est-à-dire un objectif intermédiaire et une date de sortie progressive), et peuvent également être fixés pour chaque service financier (par exemple, des objectifs spécifiques pour les portefeuilles de crédit et pour les montants facilités sur les marchés de capitaux).
Certaines banques ont commencé à suivre ces recommandations (voir exemples ci-contre). Une analyse détaillée de l’engagement des banques en matière de financement du secteur des énergies fossiles est disponible ici pour le charbon, ici pour le pétrole et le gaz et ici pour la production d’électricité.
